Pedogênese e geoambientes como subsídios à criação do "Parque Estadual Serras do Ouro", porção sul do Espinhaço-MG

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Saulo Henrique de Faria
• Orientador(a): Lani, João Luiz
• Banca de defesa: Jucksch, Ivo , Burak, Diego Lang
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas
• Departamento: Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geoambientes; Estoque de carbono; Geoprocessamento
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Geoenviroments; Carbon stock; GIS
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5439

Brazil is considered one of the countries with the greatest biodiversity on earth. Diversity geomorphological, geological, climatic and soil directly contribute to the development of different vegetation. The Serra do Espinhaço is of remarkable importance because it constitutes a unique ecosystem in relation to geological and floristic. The Espinhaço has approximately 7,000 km2 in extent and occurs in the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais. The southern boundary of the chain is the mountains of Ouro Branco. The mountain of Espinhaço has high biological diversity, harboring rare species, high scenic beauty, monuments and places of cultural and archaeological significance. This recognition generates new perspectives for biodiversity conservation coupled with socio-economic development. This paper aims to seek to understand the relationship pedogenetic, geomorphological and its influence on vegetation, seeking to identify and stratify geoenvironmental units using GIS tools, contributing with subsidies to propose the creation and consolidation of the "Parque Serras do Ouro" in the region of Ouro Branco, Minas Gerais. The study area is located mostly north of Ouro Branco. In developing the maps was used basemap IBGE scale 1:50,000, satellite images, geological maps of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, boxes of Don Bosco and Ouro Branco scale 1:25.000. Thematic maps were generated through observations in the field and the laboratory tests by using the program ArcView 3.2, Arcmap 9.2 and Idrisi Kilimanjaro. Geological groups found in the study area were: Quaternary deposits, igneous rocks, Rio das Velhas Supergroup and Minas Supergroup. Soil pH ranged from extremely acid to moderately acid. There was a range from 4.23 to 4.41. Poverty in basic cations is largely inherited from the source material, composed mainly of quartzite and phyllite and lateritic yokes. The slightly higher levels of Ca, Mg, Na and K in surface horizons, whwn observed, are due to the presence of organic matter. It was found that 58% of the area are strongly undulated and mountainous relief, and only 10% correspond to a smooth flat wavy relief. Itwas observed that approximately 39% of the area have a strong degree of fragility and 49% average. Regarding the agricultural suitability the Oxisols were classified as fitness 3 (ab), Cambisols with fitness 5(n) and the Typic with fitness 6. It was possible to separate: mountain slopes with Vellozia, Convex hills, tops of ironstone, hanging valleys with rainforest, mountains and tops of rupestrian field, slopes with candeia, convex hills of rainforest, structural levels of rupestrian field and convex hills of medium fragility. The amount of organic carbon per hectare was relatively low. The main factors limiting the use of land area for agriculture and livestock are related to low fertility, coupled with strongly rolling to hilly topography and low resilience. The high biodiversity, agricultural suitability restricted for grazing or unsuitable, high environmental fragility, both historical and scenic beauty of the study area confirm and collaborate to create the Serras do Ouro State Park.