Danos oxidativos e histológicos crônicos causados pelo cádmio no fígado e na espermatogênese de ratos

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Cupertino, Marli do Carmo
• Orientador(a): Matta, Sérgio Luis Pinto da
• Banca de defesa: Barros, João Bosco Gonçalves de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Biologia Animal
• Departamento: Biologia e Manejo animal
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Metal pesado; Toxicologia; Testículo; Danos hepáticos; Morfometria
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Heavy Metal; Toxicology; Testis; Liver injury; Morphometry
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::MORFOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2255

Several studies have shown that cadmium induces adverse effects on the reproductive system and liver, but studies of changes caused by low doses are rarely described.This study investigated the oxidative damage and chronic histology in testis and liver of rats exposed to low concentrations of cadmium. Five experimental groups were set up, and a control and the other receiving the doses of 0.67, 0.74, 0.86 and 1.1 mg of Cd/Kg PC/IP, respectively. The animals were euthanized 56 days after exposure, being analyzed in the body biometrics, as well as analyzes of liver and reproductive organs, cadmium and quantification of tissue water, activity of oxidative stress markers superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), besides stereology and testicular and liver histopathology. At the lowest dose tested as testicular and liver changes relevant. In the testis was seen vacuolation of the seminiferous epithelium, decreased mitotic index and overall yield of spermatogenesis, and decreased volume of Leydig cells and testosterone dependent glands weight, vesicular gland and prostate. In larger doses found increased pathologies and morphological changes such as aberrant multinucleated cells, total necrosis of the seminiferous epithelium and increased interstitial connective tissue. In the liver there was a decrease in glycogen accumulation by hepatocytes and increased percentage of sinusoidal capillaries, blood vessels, binucleated hepatocytes and macrophages (Kupffer cells) in animals exposed to cadmium. The percentage of core increased and the percentage of cytoplasm decreased. There was an increase in hepatosomatic index and swellings in the liver of animals exposed to Cd. Areas of necrosis were found in animals exposed to higher doses. In both organs increased CAT and SOD activity even when there was no difference in the detection of metal in the tissue. We conclude that, even in small doses, cadmium can cause adverse effects in the liver and testis, due to increased morphological damage and functional activity of these organs, and that the chronic effects of cadmium occur through induction of oxidative stress as evidenced the increase in endogenous antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT.