Degradação de compostos tóxicos e de fatores antinutricionais da torta de pinhão manso por Pleurotus ostreatus

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Luz, José Maria Rodrigues da
• Orientador(a): Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumi
• Banca de defesa: Passos, Flávia Maria Lopes , Vanetti, Maria Cristina Dantas , Fietto, Luciano Gomes , Nascimento, Antonio Galvão do
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Microbiologia Agrícola
• Departamento: Associações micorrízicas; Bactérias láticas e probióticos; Biologia molecular de fungos de interesse
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Resíduos plásticos; Luz solar; Lixões; Enzimas lignocelulolíticas; Micro-organismo endomicótico fixadores de nitrogênio; Polietileno de baixa densidade
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Waste plastics; Sunlight; Dumps; Lignocellulolytic enzymes; Microorganism endomicótico nitrogen fixers; Low Density Polyethylene
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO::MICROBIOLOGIA E BIOQUIMICA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5366

The oil extraction from Jatropha curcas seeds as raw material to biodiesel production releases a large quantity of solid residue, called cake.This Jatropha cake is formed by lignocellulolytic residues, water, minerals salts, but also contains toxic compounds and antinutritional factors. The correct destination of this residue is of great interesting to biofuel industries. The use of these residues as a substrate to grow the white rot fungi, Pleurotus ostreatus, may be a low cost alternative to produce the economic and industrial interesting products such as enzymes, proteins and edible mushrooms. Moreover, this fungus produces enzyme capable of degrade different toxic compounds and antinutritional factors. ln this study Jatropha cake, pure or in mixture with agro-industrial residues, was used as substrate to grow P. ostreatus objecting to produce mushrooms, eliminate phorbol ester, antinutritional factors and also, to evaluate the reduce lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. After 45 days of P. ostreatus mycelia inoculation in the substrate, it was observed high production of fungus biomass, and degradation of 50 % of lignin and 20 % of cellulose and hemicellulose. The substrates which present higher fungus biomass production and lignocellulolitic degradation were used to assess the ability of P. ostreatus to produce mushroom and to degrade phorbol ester, phytic acid and tannins. After 60 d of incubation, it was observed good production of mushroom, reduction of lignocellulolytic compounds and loss of dry mass, reduction of phytic acid in 95 % and 85 % of tannins (equivalent a tannin acid) and 99 % of phorbol ester. These mushrooms and the substrates after 60 d of colonization by P. ostreatus had concentrations of phorbol esters smaller than that found in provenances of non toxic J. curcas from México. Therefore, P. ostreatus has the ability of degrade toxic compounds, antinutritional factors and lignooellulosio compounds present in Jatropha cake. The alternative of using Jatropha cake as substrate to mushroom and enzymes production, add value to this residues, as well as detoxifying it show high potential to use Jatropha cake as animal food, beyond deoreasing the environmental damage.