Farelo de mamona destoxificado na dieta de cordeiros

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Hellenn Cardoso
• Orientador(a): Garcia, Rasmo
• Banca de defesa: Veloso, Cristina Mattos , Ribeiro, Karina Guimarães , Queiroz, Domingos Sávio , Rocha, Fernanda Cipriano
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Desempenho animal; Digestibilidade; Fermentação; Subproduto; Valor nutritivo
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Animal performance; Digestibility; Fermentation; Byproduct; Nutritional Value
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PASTAGEM E FORRAGICULTURA::AVALIACAO, PRODUCAO E CONSERVACAO DE FORRAGENS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1840

This work was done from a experiment conducted, which provided information that will be presented as three chapters. The substitution of soybean meal by detoxified castor bean meal was evaluated in four levels, 0; 33; 37 and 100% (dry matter basis) in the concentrate of Santa Inês lambs. In the first chapter, it was described the performance of 24 Santa Inês breed lambs, with 18.5 kg mean body weight and four months mean age, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments, which were the substitution levels (0; 33; 67 and 100%) of soybean meal by detoxified castor bean meal and six repetitions. The intake of dry matter (DM) (g/day, body weight % (BW %) and g/BW0.75), total carbohydrates (TC), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrients (TDN), metabolizable energy (ME) and digestible energy (DE) was not influenced by the levels of castor bean meal, with no model adjusted to the data. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake (g/day, BW % and g/BW0.75) showed increasing linear response. For non fiber carbohydrates (NFC) (g/day) and ether extract (EE) intake, it was observed a decreasing linear response. There was no effect of the levels of substitution of soybean meal by detoxified castor bean meal on DM, OM, CP, NDF, TC and NFC digestibility coefficient, except for the EE, which presented increasing linear behavior. The final body weight, mean daily weight gain and total weight gain showed decreasing linear effect with the inclusion of the levels of castor bean meal in the diet. The feed conversion had increasing linear behavior. In the second chapter, the ingestive behavior of Santa Inês sheep receiving diets with different levels of detoxified castor bean meal in the concentrate was related. Twenty four lambs, with 18.5 kg mean body weight and four months of age were used. They were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six repetitions. The treatments were constituted of four levels of castor bean meal (0; 33; 67 and 100%) in substitution to soybean meal. The DM intake was not affected by the castor bean meal in the concentrate. The NDF intake increased. Feeding activity was not affected by castor bean meal inclusion. The rumination time increased, while idle time reduced with the inclusion of castor bean meal. The feeding time, expressed in minutes per kg of DM and NDF, was not influenced by castor bean meal inclusion in the diet, showing mean values of 373.3 and 880.0 minutes per kg of DM and NDF, respectively. The rumination, expressed in minutes per kg of NDF, was not altered. The chewing number and the time spent per each ruminated bolus were not altered by castor bean meal inclusion in the diet. Feeding, rumination and idle periods did not differ with the inclusion of castor bean meal levels. Feeding efficiency, expressed in g of DM and NDF per hour, was not influenced by castor bean meal inclusion in the diet. Rumination efficiency, expressed in g of DM per hour, was reduced, while rumination efficiency, expressed in g of NDF per hour was not affected. The castor bean meal addition does not alter feeding time and feeding efficiency of confined sheep. However, it reduces rumination efficiency and increases NDF intake in each meal and NDF rumination. In the third chapter, the chemical composition in fatty acids of the Longissimus dorsi muscle of Santa Inês lambs fed diets with different castor bean meal levels (0; 33; 67 and 100%) in the concentrate was described. Twenty four lambs, with 18.5 kg mean body weight and four months of age were used, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six repetitions. There was no effect of castor bean meal inclusion on water, ash, crude protein and total lipids of the Longissimus muscle of the lambs. The inclusion of castor bean meal in the concentrate influenced, in a negative quadratic mode, the fatty acids pentadecanoic (C15:00) and α-linolenic (C18:03n3), showing minimum point of 5.08 and 0.15% at the level of 53.47 and 54.16%, respectively. For oleic acid (C18:01n9), a positive quadratic behavior was observed, showing maximum point of 51.05% at the level of 35.41% of castor bean meal. For the fatty acids docosanoic (C22:0) and γ-linolenic (C18:03n6), it was verified a decreasing linear behavior. The other fatty acids were not altered by castor bean meal addition. The total contents of monounsaturated fatty acids were influenced, in a positive quadratic mode, by the levels of inclusion of castor bean meal in the concentrate, showing maximum value of 51.63% for the level of 40.43% of castor bean meal.