Argila dispersa em água determinada por agitação rápida, lenta e ultrassom

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Freitas, Rita de Cássia Alves de
• Orientador(a): Ruiz, Hugo Alberto
• Banca de defesa: Costa, Oldair Vinhas
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas
• Departamento: Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Dispersão física; Volume de suspensão; Energia ultrassônica
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Physical dispersion; Volume of suspension; Ultrasonic energy
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5459

During the analytical execution, the water dispersible clay (WDC) determination is preceded by physical dispersion, without addition of chemical dispersant and, usually fast shaking procedure. Recently, slow shaking and ultrasonic dispersion has been suggested as alternatives procedures to determine WDC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the WDC content obtained by three methods of physical dispersion, fast and slow shaking and, ultrasonic dispersion. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, representing a 4 x 9 factorial with four replicates. The factors evaluated in the study were four mineralogy contrasting soils (Xantic Kandiudox; Plintaquox; Typic Hapludox and Rhodic Hapludox) and the three methods of physical dispersion indicated. The ultrasonic dispersion procedure were evaluated at three ultrasonic energy levels (55, 110 and 220 J mL-1) and, the slow shaking procedure at five volumes of suspension (50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mL) in 500 mL containers. The WDC content and dispersion index (DI) were quantified for the different treatments. Samples of the WDC to all treatments were used to identify minerals and the proportion of kaolinite, gibbsite, goethite and hematite and, pH, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+ and remaining P measurements. In all treatments were verified lower dispersion of clay in soils with a higher proportion of oxides (Plintaquox, Typic Hapludox and Rhodic Hapludox), compared to kaolinitic soils (Xantic Kandiudox), probably due to greater microaggregates stability observed in oxide rich soils. There was greater clay dispersion with slow shaking and ultrasonic dispersion. For the slow shaking, there was generally, an inverse relationship between the volume of suspension and WDC content and DI. This differentiation was associated with increased friction between particles and aggregates and increasing vigor of shaking in smaller volumes of suspension. In the Xantic Kandiudox, Plintaquox and Typic Hapludox was found generally, significant and negative correlation between WDC content and exchangeable cations amount. It is suggested that with increasing WDC by higher energy dispersion (by decreasing the volume of suspension), higher proportions of oxides were released with reduced kaolinite amount.