Alternativas ao leite de cabra no aleitamento de cabritos

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Knupp, Leonardo Sidney
• Orientador(a): Veloso, Cristina Mattos
• Banca de defesa: Queiroz, Augusto César de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Aleitamento; Consumo; Digestibilidade; Histologia; Rendimento da carcaça; Ruminante
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Lactation; Consumption; Digestibility; Histology; Carcass; Ruminant
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5746

The experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating the consumption, performance, feed efficiency (FE), participation of non-carcass components (NCC) in the body composition of kids, analyze the development of stomach compartments, the participation of the carcass in relation to empty body weight (EBW), establish the EBW and body weight rate (EBW/BW) and finally evaluate the biometric of the digestive tract of kid goats in suckling phase submitted to different diets. Fifty one newborn male kids were used and, from the total amount, three were randomly selected to compound the reference group. The remaining animals were distributed in completely randomized design, in four treatments: goat milk (GM), cow milk (CM), Lactal® (LAC) and fermented cow colostrums (FC). Besides they were divided in two groups: suckled up to 60 (group 1) and 90 (group 2) days. Were evluated the folowing intakes: dry matter (DMI), crude protein (CPI), ether extract (EEI), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI), nonfiber carbohydrates (NFCI), total digestible nutrients (TDNI), besides average daily gain (ADG), final body weight (fBW), empty body weight (EBW), carcass weight (CW) and empty body weight gain (EBWG) and the digestibilities of liquid and solid diets. Furthermore, the development of the following organs were analyzed: rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, small intestine and large intestine. In addition, it was assessed the percentage of the following: stomach, viscera, organs, skin and blood, all analyzed in relation to EBW. CM fed animals had bigger DMI, CPI, EEI, NFCI and TDNI then others. NDFI was similar for all treatments. Cow milk provided better performance for all variables in analysis, except for feed efficiency (FE) that was bigger for FC treated animals. LAC fed kids showed similar performance for fBW, EBW and CW to the GM fed ones. FC fed animals had the worst performances with low values for ADG and EBWG. In all those variables bigger values were observed for animals suckled up to 90 days. Digestibility coeficients of DM, CP, NFC in liquid diets were bigger for GM and CM. EE digestibility was not influenced by treatments. About solid diet digestibility, although food were the same (forage and concentrate), digestibility coefficients were different, FC treated animals showed smaller values of digestibility for DM, EE and NFC. CP and NDF digestibilities did not vary. No diferences were observed for average percentual values of rumen-reticulum and omasum in relation to stomach weight. However rumen-reticulum in animals from group 2 was bigger when compared to animals from group 1. Abomasum in FC fed kids and in those from group 1 were superior then those from other treatments and those from group 2, respectively. For the variables carcass and EBW/BW kids from FC treatment showed the lowest values and the carcass of those suckled up to 60 days had smaller participation in EBW. Organs and blood values weren´t influenced by treatments or age. Stomachs, viscera, skin and NCC in FC fed animals superseded the others. Stomachs of kids suckled up to 60 days suplanted those treated for 90 days, concerning to EBW. Rumen-reticulum, omasum, small and large intestines were bigger in CM fed kids and animals from group 2. The variable abomasum was influenced only by age, and it was bigger for animals treat till 90 days. It was concluded that, among the analyzed treatments, CM promoted greater development to the animals. However all diets proportionate satisfactory performance, except for FC that at 60 days was not capable to ensure a desirable growth.