Influência do uso do solo no regime hidrológico da bacia do rio Lontra

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Edivaldo Alves dos
• Orientador(a): Silva, Demetrius David da
• Banca de defesa: Monaco, Paola Alfonsa Vieira Lo , Ramos, Márcio Mota , Oliveira, Rubens Alves de , Matos, Antonio Teixeira de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Construções rurais e ambiência; Energia na agricultura; Mecanização agrícola; Processamento de produ
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geoprocessamento; Uso do solo; Hidrologia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: GIS; Use of soil; Hidrology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::ENGENHARIA DE AGUA E SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3574

To accomplish an adequate management of water resources, it is fundamental to understand the hydrological behavior of hydrographic basins, their flow variation regimes, and, mainly, their relations with the economic and socio-environmental agents present in the basin contribution area. Within this context, this work aimed to evaluate the importance of use of soil for the hydrological behavior of the hydrographic basin of the Lontra River, part of the hydrographic system of the Araguaia River, with the general objective to evaluate the influence of the use of soil on the hydrological behavior of the Lontra River basin, and with the specific objectives: a) to monitor the use of soil in the Lontra River basin during 1985-2006; b) to associate the hydrological behavior of the maximum, minimum, and medium flows with the variations that occurred with the use of soil; and c) by means of multiple linear regression fit, to obtain equations to estimate the maximum, minimum, and medium flows in function of soil use and mean rainfall in the drainage area. To carry out this study, a series of data from one fluviometric station and five pluviometric stations were used from 1985 to 2006, to obtain the maximum, medium, and minimum flow (Q7, Q90 and Q95) for each year of xii the period selected, as well as the annual mean rainfall, dry semester and rainy semester rainfalls for the drainage area of the fluviometric station. To monitor the use of soil in the basin, Landsat TM 5 sensor images were selected and the following soil use classes were identified: cultivation, pasture, forest, cerrado, urbanization and water bodies. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the tendency lines, the qualitative analysis aimed to evaluate flow behavior, soil use and rainfall along the period chosen, and the association among these variables. This analysis was supported by the elaboration of diagrams of causal relations that help the association among the behaviors of the variables. The quantitative analysis of the data was carried out, adopting as dependent variable the flow use classes and rainfall. The following soil use classes presented a growth behavior along the period analyzed: cultivation, pasture, urbanization and water bodies, while the soil use classes forest and cerrado presented a reduction during the same period. Along the period analyzed, the cultivation areas increased mainly as a replacement to the forest, alternating with the pasture area. The behavior of the minimum and medium flows, as well as annual rainfalls, during the rainy semester and the dry semester, presented general reduction tendencies in the analyzed period. Only the maximum flow showed a general tendency to increase during the same period. The behavior of the maximum flow was associated with the variables rainy semester rainfall and pasture and cerrado soil uses; the minimum flow was associated with the variables annual rainfall and cerrado soil use; and the medium flow was associated with the variables rainy semester rainfall and pasture soil use. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the hydrological behavior of the Lontra River basin was expressively altered in function of the use and occupation of soil in the drainage area.