Teor e composição química do óleo essencial em amostras comerciais de camomila (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Betina Pires
• Orientador(a): Demuner, Antônio Jacinto
• Banca de defesa: Pinheiro, Antônio Lelis , Bastidas, Alberto de Jesus Oliveros
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Agroquímica
• Departamento: Agroquímica analítica; Agroquímica inorgânica e Físico-química; Agroquímica orgânica
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Camomila; Óleos essenciais; Composição química; Bisabolol
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Chamomile; Essential oils; Chemical composition; Bisabolol
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ORGANICA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2121

Concentration and composition of essential oil from 16 different commercial samples of Matricaria chamomilla L. in Brazil were evaluated. The dried samples were acquired from different regions of Brazil and submitted to hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus for 8 hours. Then the samples were analyzed for their moisture, essential oil and chemical composition in order to verify whether the commercial samples were in agreement with current standards or not. The analysis of moisture content showed the same variance from 9-22% (w/w). Five samples are commercially presented according to National Agency of Sanitary Surveillance (ANVISA), is less than 12%, in the meantime the other three adjacent exceeded this value reaching a content of approximately 20%. The samples content of blue oil ranged from 0.2-0.7% (w/w). Only six samples were in accordance with Brazilian Pharmacopoeia whose oil content is at least 0.4%. The samples were identified and quantified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography (GC) with a flame ionization detector a total of 27 compounds ranging from 46-84% yield. The main constituents were chamazulene (0.8 to 2.9%), β-farnesene (3-13%), the α-bisabolol A oxide (6-48%) and α-bisabolol B oxide (5.2 to 14.9%). It was also found that two other samples exceeded a quantity of α-bisabolol A oxide, and 47.8% to 31%. The sum of the content of α-bisabolol and its oxides in the samples varied from 12 to 61%, highlighting three of them with the highest level of these compounds. In addition to the main compounds, other compounds to a lesser extent also been identified and quantified such as α-muurolol (0.1 to 1.2%), spathulenol (1.3-2.5%), eudesmol β-(0.2-1.5 %), E-espiroéter (2.3 to 7.5%), hexadecanoic acid (7-22%), E,E-α- farnesene (0.1-0.6%) and nonacosane (1.7-3.5%).