Comportamento de matrizes suínas em gestação submetidas a diferentes tipos de alojamento e condições de sazonalidade

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Wilams Gomes dos
• Orientador(a): Ferreira, Aloízio Soares
• Banca de defesa: Veloso, Cristina Mattos , Silva, Hunaldo Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Metabolismo; Minerais; Crescimento
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Metabolism; Minerals; Growth
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL::EXIGENCIAS NUTRICIONAIS DOS ANIMAIS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1851

Two experiments were conducted in order to study the behavior of pregnant sows subjected to different types of housing in the summer and winter. In both experiments, the sows were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and twelve replicates. The treatments were the following: gestation stalls, group gestation pens with feeders; group gestation pens without feeders; group gestation pens with paddocks and no feeders. The experiments assessed behavior, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, serum cortisol, fecal cortisol metabolites and production performance of sows. In the summer experiment, the environmental variables were above the comfort zone for pregnant sows. The sows housed in group gestation pens with paddocks had lower percentage of time spent on stereotypies than sows of other treatments. There was no significant difference among treatments for respiratory rate and rectal temperature. There were significant differences among treatments for mean serum cortisol in the gestation period, with lower levels in sows housed in group pens. There were significant differences among treatments for mean fecal cortisol metabolites in the gestation period, with the lowest levels found in sows housed in group gestation pens without feeders and in sows housed in group gestation pens with paddocks and no feeders. There was no significant difference among treatments for productiion performance of sows. In the winter experiment, the environmental variables were within the zone of thermal comfort for the gestation period. The sows housed in group gestation pens with paddocks had lower percentage of time spent on stereotypies than the sows of the other treatments. There was no significant difference among treatments for respiratory rate. There were significant differences among treatments for rectal temperature in the afternoon, although they were within the range considered as normal for pregnant sows. There were significant differences among treatments for mean serum cortisol in the gestation period, with the lowest levels found in sows housed in group gestation pens. There was no significant difference among treatments for mean fecal cortisol metabolites in the gestation period. There was no significant difference among treatments for production performance of sows. It can be concluded that, in the summer and winter, group gestation pens provided better sow welfare when compared to gestation stalls. When group gestation pens are considered, those with paddocks showed greater advantage because they reduced stereotypies. The production performance of sows in the summer and winter was not influenced by the type of housing.