Diferenciação celular em Nostoc spp: efeito da intensidade luminosa e do padrão de sobreposição dos filamentos

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Vaz, Marcelo Gomes Marçal Vieira
• Orientador(a): Nascimento, Antonio Galvão do
• Banca de defesa: Azevedo, Aristéa Alves , Tótola, Marcos Rogério , Vanetti, Maria Cristina Dantas
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Microbiologia Agrícola
• Departamento: Associações micorrízicas; Bactérias láticas e probióticos; Biologia molecular de fungos de interesse
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Acinetos; Hormogônios; Intensidade luminosa; Auto-sombreamento; Sobreposição de filamentos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Akinetes; Hormogonia; Light intensity; Self-shading; Filaments superposition
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::MICROBIOLOGIA::BIOLOGIA E FISIOLOGIA DOS MICROORGANISMOS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5321

In Nostoc isolates, the vegetative cells multiplication and differentiation of some of them in heterocyst is the life cycle phase in which biomass production occurs. In other phase, many environmental changes can trigger hormogonium differentiation, a transient and a non-growth state. The use of cyanobacteria strains in biotechnological processes have been studied for many years, however, the production of biomass is influenced, and can be limited, by the fact that the colonies growth intensify the selfshading. Consequently, changes in light intensity and quality received by cells can occur. The aims of this work were: 1) to characterize biomass and pigments production by Nostoc isolates in response to changes in light intensity; 2) to analyze the effect of pre-cultivation and exposure in different light intensities in the same parameters and in cellular differentiation processes; 3) and to relate, for isolate Nostoc CCLFM XXI, growth phases to predominant cellular differentiation processes. The greater biomass production was achieved at 20, 45 and 75 μmoles m-2 s-1, respectively in Nostoc CCLFM I, VIII and XXI. In Nostoc CCLFM I, only phycoerithrin content changed with light intensity, been maximum at 15 μmoles m-2 s-1, decreasing with increasing light intensities. Pigment contents, in Nostoc CCLFM VIII did not vary with light intensities. In Nostoc CCLFM XXI phycocyanin and alophycocyanin contents varied with light intensity, reaching a maximum at 45 μmoles m-2 s-1, been constant up to 105 μmoles m-2 s-1. Biomass pre-cultivated at 15 μmoles m-2 s-1, when exposed to lower light intensities led to an intense akinetes differentiation in Nostoc CCLFM VIII and XXI, fact that did not occur in Nostoc CCLFM I. When biomass pre-cultivated at 75 μmoles m-2 s-1 were exposed to lower light intensities, filaments with smaller cells than vegetative ones were observed, indicating probably, the occurrence of hormogonium differentiation in Nostoc CCLFM I and VIII. When cultivated at 15 μmoles m-2 s-1, Isolate XXI showed intense akinetes differentiation, and when cultivated at 60 μmoles m-2 s-1 it showed distinct cellular differentiation patterns in phases in which biomass production was not observed. Hormogonia were observed only in the early non-growth phase, while akinetes were observed in middle and late non-growth phases. Therefore, there is relation between light intensity and patterns of cellular differentiation. In lowest light intensities the akinetes differentiation predominates over other differentiation process. However, in higher intensity hormogonia and akinetes were observed, with hormogonia associated with the first non-growth phase and akinetes with middle and late nongrowth phase, indicating a sequence in which cellular differentiation occur, probably related with light energy available to photosynthesis.