Eficiência e desigualdade em educação e saúde no estado de Minas Gerais: uma análise do PMDI 2003/2009

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Aline Cunha dos
• Orientador(a): Gomes, Adriano Provezano
• Banca de defesa: Dias, Roberto Serpa , Silveira, Suely de Fátima Ramos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia
• Departamento: Desenvolvimento econômico e Políticas públicas
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Políticas públicas; Equidade; Plano Mineiro de Desenvolvimento Integrado
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Public policies; Equity; Plano Mineiro de Desenvolvimento Integrado
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::METODOS QUANTITATIVOS EM ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3258

Despite the importance attached to the sectors of public health and education, inequality between the regions of Minas Gerais deserves consideration, since these services are key to breaking the cycle of intergenerational poverty. In order to reduce disparities and improve the quality of life of the population, the state created the Plano Mineiro de Desenvolvimento Integrado - PMDI. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate whether the goals of this plan for education and health have been successful in the first deployment phase, considering the principles of equity and efficiency. For this, first separated the state into homogeneous groups, considering as parameters the indices comprising the Índice Mineiro de Responsabilidade Social -IMRS, in health and education dimensions. To this, was used cluster analysis, a technique that allowed the separation of municipalities of the state into two distinct groups according to educational variables. After was made the description of the distribution and evolution of indicators in relation to targets established by the Plano Mineiro and then was calculated the index of inequality in education for the state and for each group. The indexes showed that the state's municipalities have reduced the distance to targets, indicating improvement. Subsequently, analysis was made of aspects related to the relative efficiency in resource allocation for the provision of educational services, using the methodology known as Data Envelopment Analysis. Through the coefficient of variation was observed that the municipalities have become more homogeneous in terms of efficiency, and as calculated by the Malmquist index, the variation was positive. The negative correlation between the Index of Inequality and efficiency shows that municipalities with higher level of efficiency obtained the lowest distance to targets. For health, the cluster analysis allowed the aggregation of microregions in three distinct groups. Through the distribution of the indicators of PMDI in each group and by inequality indices was possible to verify that health in Minas Gerais still has many problems of coverage and access to services, because it increased the distance of targets since the beginning of the plan. However, when observed the groups separately, it was found that two groups approached and one distanced itself of the targets. The indices of efficiency in resource allocation showed relatively high, and the coefficient of variation decreased in all analysis, revealing an increase in the homogeneity of efficiency. According to the Malmquist index, the efficiency varied positively during the period. Relating the indices of inequality with the efficiency, is seen that, respecting the specificities of each region, the results showed negative correlation, that is, the microregions with higher levels of efficiency are the ones with lower indices of inequality. In general, one can say that the State has advanced in order to improve the efficiency and education and health indicators. However, regions that had lower indicators at the beginning of the Plan have more difficulty in achieving the goals set by the plan