Caracteres morfológicos do sistema reprodutor masculino e dos espermatozóides de Hymenoptera e Hemiptera (Insecta) e suas possíveis contribuições para a sistemática

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Araújo, Vinícius Albano
• Orientador(a): Lino Neto, José
• Banca de defesa: Martins, Gustavo Ferreira , Mancini, Karina Carvalho
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Entomologia
• Departamento: Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Sistemática; Morfologia; Competição espermática; Apoidea; Auchenorrhyncha
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Systematics; Morphology; Sperm competition; Apoidea; Auchenorrhyncha
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::MORFOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/861

The insects comprise the group of the most diverse organisms on Earth, being their adaptive success attributed to their lineages longevity, their species number, their adaptations diversity, their biomass and their ecological impact. Due to a large variety of life history and ecology patterns, the insects present large diversity of coupling behaviour and morphological structures associated to the reproduction. The interspecific variation in such structures generates data that could support phylogenetic analyses. The inclusion of new traits, allied to morphological traits commonly used, can improve the systematic analysis of several insect groups that do not have yet a totally acceptable phylogeny. Furthermore, works regarding the reproductive systems and spermatozoa can help understanding the reproductive biology such as the mating strategy differences and sperm competition. In this work, we described the morphology of the male reproductive system and the spermatozoa of the some species of the orders Hymenoptera and Hemiptera using the light and the transmission electron microscopies. The results point to characters that support inferences in the systematics that can help the understanding of the reproductive biology of the studied species. Some synapomorphic traits for the Apoidea spermatozoa support a typical pattern of the family Apidae and others are commonly find in the species of its sister group Crabronidae. Among the Hemiptera, the ultrastructure of the spermatozoa shows to be promising in the elucidation paraphyletism of the suborder Auchenorrhyncha. Moreover, the production of polymorphic spermatozoa in the suborder Heteroptera generates important discussions concerning on the reproductive strategies and on the sperm competition. Characters extracted from the morphology of the reproductive systems such as (1) the general anatomy; (2) the number of spermatozoa per cyst, and (3) the histology of the reproductive system show interspecific differences that allow grouping species or other superior taxa closely related. Thus, in this work, we have observed that new characters derived from the spermatozoa can be useful in cladistic analyses (spermiocladistic) and indicate the reproductive system as a potential for the insect systematics.