Toxicidade do arsenato e efeito protetor do guaraná e da vitamina E no aparelho reprodutor de camundongos machos adultos

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Mata, Wellington de Souza
• Orientador(a): Matta, Sérgio Luis Pinto da
• Banca de defesa: Neves, Mariana Machado , Rocha, Juliana Silva
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
• Departamento: Análises quantitativas e moleculares do Genoma; Biologia das células e dos tecidos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Testículo; Arsênio; Estresse oxidativo; Vitamina E; Guaraná
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Testicle; Arsenic; Oxidative stress; Vitamin E; Guarana
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/239

Exposure to arsenic occurs mainly via drinking water and, in some situations, via polluted foods, inhalation, and cutaneous absorption. Natural, industrial, and antrophical processes have been contributing to increased levels of arsenic in the environment. Arsenic affects male reproductive functions, affecting the spermatogenic process, and there is a lot of evidence that indicates its poisonous action is related to increased production of reactive species of oxygen. These harmful effects can be minimized by the administration of several substances, including amino acids, vitamins and quelants compounds. Guaraná, a plant typical of the Amazonian area, is rich in caffeine, flavonoyds and tannins with antioxidant properties, used in Phitoterapy for the prevention and the treatment of diseases associated with the unbalance of the cell's oxidant activity. Vitamin E suppresses lipidic peroxidation in the testes and mithocondria and is capable of reverting current harmful effects of the testicular exposure to several factors such as ozone, ciclofosfamide, toxins and policlorate bifenilics pollutants. The present work evaluated the capacity of the testes and other tecidual structures to accumulate arsenic and the current poisonous effects of that accumulation, as well as the antioxidant potential of guarana and vitamin E. 35 seventy- day-old Swiss mice were used. They were divided in five groups containing seven animals each: CTR - (negative control) in which the animals just received distilled water and 0,5 mL of the vehicle of suspension carboxi-methyl cellulose (CMC) intraperitonially (i.p); ARS - (positive control) in which the animals received 100 mg L-1 arsenate and 0,5 mL of CMC/i.p; Vitamine E in which the animals received 100 mg L-1 arsenate and vitamin E/i.p (2mg in 0,5 mL of CMC); Guarana - in which the animals received 100 mg L-1 arsenate and guarana/i.p (2 mg g-1 of body weight in 0,5 mL of CMC); GUA / Vitamin E in which the animals received 100 mg L-1 and vitamin E (2mg in 0.5 mL of CMC) combined with guarana (2mg g-1 of body weight in 0.5 mL of CMC). The arsenate was supplied to the animals in drinking water and the treatments were administered in intervals of 72 h. After 42 days, which corresponds to a spermatogenic cycle, the animals under went euthanasia and subsequent analyses were done. The animals of the ARS group presented significant reduction in body, parhenquima and testicular weights, larger tecidual accumulation of arsenic and high concentrations of ALT, which suggests hepatotoxic action of the arsenate, besides a reduction in the volume of the seminiferous tubules, tubular diameter, in the proportion of the tunic own, height and proportion of the germinative epithelium and in the total daily spermatic production. In the intertubular compartment, increased proportion of volumetric of conjunctive tissue, macrophages and lymphatic space was observed, reduction in the proportion and volume of the cell of Leydig, nuclear diameter, nuclear volume, number of the cells of Leydig per testes and in the plasmatic concentration of testosterone. The sole administration of guaraná or guarana combined with vitamin E minimized most of the harmful effects of the arsenate in the structure and function of the male reproductive tract. Those data indicate the protective role of non-enzymatic compounds present in the diet such as vitamin E and guarana, which are capable of minimizing the effects of reactive species of oxygen.