O fenômeno da gravidez na adolescência em perspectivas diferenciadas e suas implicações nas relações pessoais, familiares e sociais

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Benini, Caroline Silva Almeida
• Orientador(a): Loreto, Maria das Dores Saraiva de
• Banca de defesa: Silva, Douglas Mansur da , Mafra, Simone Caldas Tavares
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia Doméstica
• Departamento: Economia familiar; Estudo da família; Teoria econômica e Educação do consumidor
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Gravidez na adolescência; Perspectivas; Implicações
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Teenage pregnancies; Prospects; Implications
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA DOMESTICA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3354

In Brazil, the fertility rate in adolescence - the period between 10 and 19 years - has increased as well as in other countries. The intensity of this social phenomenon is derived from changes pervaded by the society, reflected in the family system. The transitory nature of relationships and roles of the institutions has led to greater reproductive freedom, the transition period between childhood and adulthood, ie, the exercise of sexuality has ever been experienced earlier, driven by sociocultural factors and media. New concepts, values and behavior patterns influence the experience of early sexuality. So many teens, besides living the conflicts inherent in this age group can still live with another contentious issue: the pregnancy, which can result in either the experience of adolescent sexuality, and sexual violence. The teenage pregnancy is often unexpected and unwelcome, meaning the suspension of the formation process, which can lead to conflict with the possibility of domestic violence in terms of relations of power and domination, operating at the level of language and symbolic. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the phenomenon of teenage pregnancy in different contexts, identifying its impact on personal relationships, family and social teenager, as well as its association with situations of trauma and violence. The Community Health Agents, 18 adolescents who had children between the years 2007 and 2010, 11 families of adolescents and 15 fathers of her children participated in the research. For data collection the use of census research and documentary was made to examine the reality of teenage pregnancy at the municipality of Rosário da Limeira, Minas Gerais; focus groups with the ACS took place; in addition, it was also used the semi structured interview applied to adolescents, their families and their children s fathers. The situation of local teenage pregnancy is no different from the national reality. The average age of first pregnancy among teenage girls interviewed was 16.7 years. Regarding the housing location, it was noticed that 67% of the adolescents were residents of the urban area at the time of pregnancy, while 33% lived in rural areas. Regarding education, weobserved a higher incidence of teenagers who attended elementary school but did not complete it. Regarding marital status before pregnancy, 66% of the adolescents were married and only 16% remained unmarried after childbirth. In the perception of ACS, adolescents live with symbolic violence, mainly by the psychological pressure and imposition of new behaviors on the part of families, who see teenage pregnancy as a "state of shame" and marriage as an option within the naturalized projects of life of adolescents. Regarding the motivations of pregnancy, it could be seen that half the teenagers wanted to be a mother. The other ones did not plan or want children at that time. The changes that occurred in the quality of life of the teenager, because of pregnancy, were predominantly related to the abandonment of studies, less leisure and life itself, and limited financial resources. For most mothers of adolescents pregnancy was a cause for dissatisfaction, perceived as a negative factor, mainly by concern about the opportunities that his daughters would no longer have because of the new responsibilities of motherhood themselves. For most fathers of babies, the discovery of teenage pregnancy has brought happiness and at the same time, concern, ie, an overlap of feelings. Regarding the situations of violence, it was more common that of a psychological nature especially experienced by the adolescents of the urban environment, with the imposition of new behaviors in addition to the charges, due to greater contact with other socializing institutions outside the family. Adolescent pregnancy is associated with violence of a symbolic nature, which has often remained invisible, minimized, denied and naturalized by the internalized provisions of the field experience and, more specifically, by stereotyped gender roles, which require new behaviors to adolescents, position of silence and submission before new roles and functions.