Absorção de macronutrientes e de energia em indivíduos saudáveis após o consumo de linhaça e derivados

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Cristiane Gonçalves de
• Orientador(a): Costa, Neuza Maria Brunoro
• Banca de defesa: Vital, Benedito Rocha , Martino, Hércia Stampini Duarte
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Ciência da Nutrição
• Departamento: Valor nutricional de alimentos e de dietas; Nutrição nas enfermidades agudas e crônicas não transmis
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Linhaça; Absorção; Balanço energético
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Flaxseed; Absorption; Energy balance
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO::DIETETICA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2766

The increased morbidity and mortality related to cancer, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and obesity demands interventions aiming both prevention and treatment of such non-communicable chronic diseases. Flaxseed contains nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids of omega-3 series, lignans, soluble fiber and vitamin E, related to the improvement of life quality. The high energetic density of flaxseed, however, may contribute to the body weight gain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the intake of flaxseed grain (LI), partially deffated flaxseed flour (FL) and flaxseed oil (OL) on energy balance and macronutrient absorption. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were recruited to participate in the study, from which 50% were female and 50% male of 24+2 years of age, body mass index (BMI) of 21.19 +1.49 kg/m2, body weight stable in the last 6 months, with no regular intake of medicine (except contraceptives), constant physical activity level, no smokers, no pregnant, no lactant, no allergic to the food provided, with regular transit time, blood cholesterol of 159+14.79 mg/dL, blood glucose of 67.96+4.65 mg/dL and basal metabolism of 1656.7+4.65 kcal. The volunteers were randomly assigned to the experimental groups and constituted its own control. The duration of the study was 12 to 20 days, divided in 2 steps. During the first step, all participants received a control diet, containing canola oil. In the second step, they received the same food preparations, but with isocaloric substitution of 70 g of the test product (LI, OL or FL). Foods and beverages were provided entirely in the laboratory and the totality of the fecal excretion was collected. At the beginning of each step, the participants consumed red dye pills and, three days after the colored feces appearance, they consumed blue dye pills. The red feces were analyzed and the blue feces were excluded. After blue feces had come out, red dye pills were again consumed to start the second step. During this period, satiety and physical activity tests were also performed. The results were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and Student Newman - Keuls for between group comparison, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test to evaluate the effects of the treatments, and Mann Whitney test for between female and male, at 5% probability. It was observed a tendency to body weigh loss in all test groups. There was a higher energy absorption (p<0.05) in OL group (95.64%), due to the higher absorption of lipids (92.85%) and protein (91.78%), in relation to the other groups and to its own control. Nevertheless, the increased energy absorption did not result in significant changes in body weight. A significant difference was observed between LI and FL groups in terms of energy absorption (89.06% and 93.57%) and lipid absorption (69.52% and 89.72%), respectively. A higher desire to eat was verified in the groups with lower fat intake (LI and FL), probably due to the bitter taste of flaxseed oil. The observed property of flaxseed in body weight maintenance may be due to its lower lipid absorption. Further long term studies are necessary to evaluate the effects of flaxseed on body weight control and other possible health benefits.