Marcadores microssatélites em estudos de diversidade, mapeamento genético e análises de QTLs em Coffea canephora

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Ferrão, Luís Felipe Ventorim
• Orientador(a): Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira
• Banca de defesa: Zambolim, Laércio
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento
• Departamento: Genética animal; Genética molecular e de microrganismos; Genética quantitativa; Genética vegetal; Me
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Café; Marcadores moleculares; Genômica; Ferrugem
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Coffee; Molecular markers; Genomics; Rust
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA::GENETICA E MELHORAMENTO FLORESTAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4777

The use of molecular markers in genetic studies is a important technique that is able to assist the breeding programs of Coffea canephora. In this context, the microsatellite (SSR) has been preferentially chosen because have reproducibility, high levels of polymorphism, codominant expression and multialelismos. In breeding programs, this technology can be used for different purposes. In genetic diversity studies, it is important for evaluation the genetic resources and selection of potential parents for crossings. In analysis of QTL, it allows the elucidation of quantitative trait and this information can be used in programs that aiming the marker assisted selection (MAS) or positional cloning of genes. In this sense, the present study aimed to demonstrate the application of microsatellite markers in diversity studies, genetic mapping and QTL analysis in C. canephora. In genetic diversity studies, presented in Chapter 1, the result of the transformation of data ) was measured in germplasm studies. We observed a significant loss of genetic information, which influences the management and characterization of genetic resources stored in this collections. In the QTL and mapping studies, presented in Chapter 2, the SSR markers were used to construct the genetic linkage map and identification of genetic factors associated with resistance to coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vaxtatrix), which is the major foliar disease coffee. In this study, we used a population of full-sib progenies, that is maintained in the Incaper (Institute, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension of the Espírito Santo State). This population was phenotyped, considering the components of resistance evaluated in field and in laboratory. We identify, in linkage group 1, a significant QTL for all traits considered in this study and this genomic region is potentially useful in studies of positional cloning or MAS in breeding programs. Finally, because the importance of molecular markers in studies with coffee, in chapter 3, we described a set of 101 new SSRs primers, mined from expressed sequences (EST) Coffee Genome Brazilian Project. The level of polymorphisms, the rate of transferability and its application in studies of molecular characterization and genetic mapping within the genus Coffea were considered. The EST-SSR showed that are a powerfull tools for genetic studies with coffee. Thus, the results obtained in this study are important for genetic studies within species, since they were made available important knowledge that can be used in germplasm management, selection of genotypes resistant to rust, genetic diversity and molecular marker-assisted selection.