Associação entre perfil de ácidos graxos do tecido adiposo, concentrações plasmáticas de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e padrão alimentar de mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Almeida, Crislaine das Graças de
• Orientador(a): Bressan, Josefina
• Banca de defesa: Lima, Luciana Moreira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Ciência da Nutrição
• Departamento: Valor nutricional de alimentos e de dietas; Nutrição nas enfermidades agudas e crônicas não transmis
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ácidos graxos; Tecido adiposo; Cirurgia bariátrica; Interleucina-6; Fator de necrose tumoral
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Fatty acids; Adipose tissue; Bariatric surgery; Interleukin-6; Tumor necrosis factor
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2800

Obesity is characterized by excessive body weight, resulting in exceeding accumulation of body fat stored in fatty tissue depots, which anatomically and functionally, can be subcutaneous or visceral. The adipocyte function as depots of fatty acids in the triglycerides form as well as endocrine related to secretion of hormones factors such as adipokines functions. Among the proinflammatory adipokines related to obesity, we highlight the TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) and IL-6 (Interleukin 6). For the treatment of severe obesity, bariatric surgery is an effective method to achieve sustainable results. Given these considerations, the present study aimed to evaluate the lipid profile of adipose tissue, dietary patterns, nutritional status and plasma levels of adipokines in women undergoing two bariatric techniques, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (GVAYR) and Sleeve Gastrectomy (GVA) in order to investigate the association between the baseline fatty acid composition of visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and post-surgical response concerning the progress of the weight and the levels of TNF and IL-6, besides to analyze the possible correlation between fatty acid profile of the baseline diet and tissues. Participating women in a program to combat obesity were recruited. Were selected 33 out of 288 women enrolled according to criteria of the Brazilian Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (SBCBM) in order to perform the bariatric surgeries. The women were divided between GVA (n=19) and GVAYR (n=14) groups and followed the pre-surgery and 1, 3 and 6 years post-surgery. There were blood samples, dietary and anthropometric data. Still at the time of surgery, samples of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue were collected. Plasma IL-6 and TNF were measured, as well as analyzed the fatty acid tissues profile and dietary macronutrients, calcium and fatty acid profile. The fatty acid composition of the pre-surgery abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue correlated with levels of inflammatory markers and parameters of post- surgery weight loss. Among the observed associations, we highlight the pro- inflammatory profile of saturated fatty acids C14:0 (subcutaneous and visceral) and C15:0 (visceral). Regarding to weight loss, however, the C17:0 fatty acids (visceral) and C22:0 (subcutaneous) showed positive correlation. Likewise, many of monounsaturated fatty acids (C14:1, subcutaneous; C16:1, C17:1, both tissues; C18:1, C20:1, visceral) were associated with plasma levels of IL-6. Furthermore linoleic acids (subcutaneous) and stearic (visceral) were predictors of weight loss after 6 years of surgery. Moreover, the fatty acid linoleic was negatively correlated the levels of IL-6 and positively with parameters of weight loss. Linolenic fatty acid exhibited anti-inflammatory potential for levels of IL-6. Regarding the dietary intake of fatty acids, the differences between the types of surgery did not reflect those found between the types of adipose tissue. However, there was agreement between the types of abundant fatty acids in the diet and abundant in tissues, especially in visceral adipose tissue.