Cana-de-açúcar in natura, ensilada ou silagem de milho em dietas para novilhas de corte

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Moraes, Kamila Andreatta Kling de
• Orientador(a): Valadares Filho, Sebastião de Campos
• Banca de defesa: Detmann, Edenio , Pereira, Odilon Gomes , Rennó, Luciana Navajas
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Consumo; Digestibilidade; Silagem; Cana-de-açúcar; Óxido de cálcio
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Intake; Digestibility; Silage; Sugarcane; Calcium oxide
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1761

The present work was developed based on two experiments that aimed evaluate the effects fresh or ensiled sugarcane and corn silage in diets for beef heifers. Experiment 1: Intake, total and partial apparent digestibility, microbial efficiency and ruminal characteristics in beef heifers fed diets based on sugarcane silage with different levels of whitewash (0.0, 0.75 and 1.5%), fresh sugarcane or corn silage. It was used for all diets offered the same concentrate at the base of 0.5% of body weight. The sugarcane was corrected for protein content 10.5%, using urea and ammonium sulfate (9:1), as well as corn silage. Five heifers cannulated in the rumen and abomasum, with average weight of 373.8 kg divided into 5 x 5 Latin square were used. For the determination of apparent digestibilities of nutrients, fecal samples were taken from animals during three consecutive days at different times (8:00, 12:00 and 17:00) in third week of each experimental period. The estimation of fecal output was performed using the LIPE ® and to estimate the individual consumption of concentrate was used titanium dioxide as an external. The individual consumption of roughage was estimated using indigestible neutral detergent fiber (NDFi). Animals fed diets containing sugarcane silage had lower intakes of dry matter that animals fed with fresh sugarcane. It was verified a quadratic effect with maximum intakes levels of cal 0.81, 0.77, 0.86 and 0.86%, respectively for DM, OM, CP and TDN. NDF intake presented a linear negative with increasing levels of whitewash in sugarcane silage. The total apparent digestibility of NDF increased with the addition of whitewash in sugarcane silage. Nitrogenous compounds were higher for heifers fed corn silage; no difference between diets containing sugarcane silages and fresh sugarcane. However, it was observed increased as the cal was included in the sugarcane. An increase was observed in BN as it included whitewash in the sugarcane silage. Diets based on corn silage provide greater intake and digestibility of dry matter and nitrogenous compounds in relation to diets based on sugarcane. Based on the maximum energy intake (TDN) is recommended ensile the sugarcane with 0.86% of whitewash. Experiment 2: The study was carried out to evaluate the intake, total apparent digestibility, microbial synthesis efficiency, nitrogen balance and weight gain of beef heifers fed diets based on sugarcane silage with different levels of whitewash (0.0, 0.75 and 1.5%), fresh sugarcane or corn silage. It was used a same concentrated offered on the basis of 0.5% of body weight for all animals, and then the diets isoproteics, since all forages were corrected to have the same protein content (10.5%), adding urea/ammonium sulfate (9:1) in due proportion to each forage. 30 zebu steers with average body weight of 273.6 kg and mean age of 18 months distributed randomly were used. For the determination of apparent digestibilities of nutrients, fecal samples were taken from animals during three consecutive days at different times (8:00, 12:00 and 17:00) in third week of each experimental period. The estimation of fecal output was performed using the LIPE ® and to estimate the individual consumption of concentrate was used titanium dioxide as an external. The individual consumption of roughage was estimated using indigestible neutral detergent fiber (NDFi). The animals fed corn silage had higher intakes than the animals fed sugarcane silage and fresh sugarcane. Intake was higher for fresh sugarcane in relation to sugarcane silage that showed a quadratic response with the addition of whitewash with maximum intake levels with cal 0.82, 0.87, 0.81 and 0.79%, respectively for DM, OM, and NDF (% CW). The total apparent digestibility was greater for corn silage. The inclusion of cal had a quadratic effect on DM digestibility digestibility with maximum level of 0.82 cal. Nitrogen balance was higher for heifers fed corn silage. Similarly, animals that intake fresh sugarcane showed better nitrogen balance in relation to sugarcane silage. The inclusion of whitewash in sugarcane silages led quadratic behavior on this variable with a maximum value with the level of 0.77% cal. Energy intake and the performance of heifers fed corn silage is better than those fed with sugarcane. The use of sugarcane silage without additives results in lower energy intake. The level of whitewash resulted in higher energy intake lies around 0.8%.