Impactos das notificações ao acordo de barreiras técnicas nas exportações de produtos químicos do Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Corrêa, Carolina Rodrigues
• Orientador(a): Silva, Orlando Monteiro da
• Banca de defesa: Cirino, Jader Fernandes , Costa, Thiago de Melo Teixeira da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia
• Departamento: Desenvolvimento econômico e Políticas públicas
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Produtos químicos; Barreiras técnicas; Modelo gravitacional; Comércio internacional
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Chemical products; Technical barriers; Gravity model; International trade
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3260

Brazil exports several products to its trading partners. One sector of great importance is the chemical, which in 2007 accounted for 11.2% of GDP, considering the manufacturing industry and has maintained since 2002, about 3% share of the total country s GDP. Nevertheless, Brazil still has a deficit in this segment. It is observed that the lack of investment in the sector is an important factor for insufficient production, which results in a deficit, but also highlights the role of non-tariff barriers in the rise and perpetuation of this. Thus, the importance of the sector to the economy it is important to verify how some of these trade barriers interfere in brazilian chemicals exports to its major trading partners. To this, we did an analysis of the notifications issued by 20 leading partners of Brazil in this sector, as defined in the technical barriers agreement (TBT). The reports were divided according to the type of requirement that demanded: changes in the product, process, and / or, conformity assessment procedures. Then we estimated a regression based on gravity model to determine the effect of each type of notification on brazilian chemicals exports. We saw that those related to conformity assessment procedures positively affected international trade, which can be explained by the fact that standardized tests can reduce costs, without wanting to carry out specific tests for each importing country. No statistically significant results were obtained for notifications related to changes in product and production process, which would be explained by their ambiguous effect. It is up to responsible bodies in Brazil remain attentive to the demands made by business partners on chemicals sector, and pursue their rights in WTO when any notification present protectionist interests.