Agricultores, ambientes e usos no Projeto de Assentamento São Francisco, Buritizeiro, Minas Gerais

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Cunha, Bruno Gomes
• Orientador(a): Jucksch, Ivo
• Banca de defesa: Freitas, Helder Ribeiro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas
• Departamento: Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Reforma Agrária; Geoambientes; Organossolos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Agrarian Reform; Geoenvironment; Histosols
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5474

The northern region of Minas Gerais, despite adverse conditions, concentrates a significant number of Settlement Projects (PA) implemented by the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA), containing in their areas, large remnants of the Cerrado and Palm swamps, especially PA São Francisco. The existence of this environment is seen as a special attraction, as compared to the environmental conditions of its environment, this environment has more favorable conditions for the use, despite being protected by legislation, which can lead to a sharp degradation process. Currently, there has been a new conception of the agrarian reform process, overlapping the idea of mere division of land to farmers so as to be seen as a process that must be planned, serving as an instrument for social rehabilitation and reorganization of rural areas, being that the use of environmental stratification may be considered a valid tool in this process, since you can associate information with pedogeomorphologically the interrelationships of the various geo-environmental farmers associated with the Settlement. Before the creation of PA São Francisco, the squatters were unrestricted use of the soil of paths, but after the institutionalization of land, environmental agencies began to monitor and curb the use of Palm swamps, creating an environmental conflict. So they have as initial hypotheses that the lack of environmental licensing prevented the development of PA São Francisco, the largest land use in Palm swamps is due to the high content of organic matter and available water in this environment, creating a heavy dependence socio-economic on the Palm swamps; agricultural use over the years, changed negatively and differently, the quality/quantity of soil organic matter "organic" Palm swamps. In this context, this study aimed at identifying and characterizing the different geoenvironments associated with PA San Francisco and its interfaces with the resettled families, analyzing the soil aspects, the implications of the use and importance of each geoenvironment for resettled families. As a result, have the PA São Francisco can be broken down into 06 geoenvironments, chapadas arenosas; chapadão de cimeira; bordas e escarpas metapelíticas; rampas coluviais; escarpas areníticas e veredas e vazantes hidrófilas , characterized as being in poor soils acids and nutrients. Regarding the assumptions listed, it was concluded that the length of INCRA in obtaining the environmental permit, intervened decisively in the development of PA as well as soil conditions that the PA São Francisco is submitted. Thus, one must understand not only the lack of environmental licensing hindered the development of this PA, but rather a lack of planning in getting the property and interfered with its implementation in the failure of this enterprise. As for the hypothesis that deals with land use on the environment path for settlers and their interfaces with that environment, we accept the hypothesis, insofar as these soils with the organic matter content, with great capacity to retain water, can produce food, despite their poverty nutrition, crop production with less demanding and suitable for the parameters of their producers. Finally, it was noted that agricultural activity interfered mainly with the quality of organic matter, but not significantly in most soils and organic geoenvironment Vereda e Vazantes hidrófilas , being explicit, which is degrading this environment is the erosion started with reforestation and then with the opening of roads and other changes in geoenvironment.