Tendência dos elementos climáticos e da evapotranspiração da cultura do milho para a região de Viçosa- MG

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Alencar, Leônidas Pena de
• Orientador(a): Sediyama, Gilberto Chohaku
• Banca de defesa: Pruski, Fernando Falco , Hamakawa, Paulo José , Ferreira, Williams Pinto Marques
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Construções rurais e ambiência; Energia na agricultura; Mecanização agrícola; Processamento de produ
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Evapotranspiração; Tendência temporal; Análise de sensibilidade; Mudanças climáticas
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Evapotranspiration; Temporal trend; Sensitiviy analysis; Climate change
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::ENGENHARIA DE AGUA E SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3575

The persistent increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which, among other sources, can be caused by industrialization, deforestation and natural emissions, has been registered since the latest decades. This increase in the trend could lead to changes in the characteristics of climate: temperature, relative humidity and precipitation, both in global and regional levels. Climate change also characterized by global warming has been the study focus of several research fields such as: water resources, irrigation, health, agriculture and others. Due to several uncertainties about the evapotranspiration behavior, related to climate change, this study aimed to check the presence of trend and the year of change in the characteristics of the data series of maximum and minimum temperatures, wind speed, sunshine, relative humidity and precipitation. It also had as goal to analyze the behavior of the evapotranspiration of season maize and off-season maize for the region of Viçosa MG, as well as to realize the sensitivity analysis of meteorological variables in the equation of Penman-Monteith (FAO) and calculate the precipitation deficit for the crop of off-season maize. For this purpose, we used daily data from the meteorological station of INMET, using 41 years of data from 1968 to 2008. A trend analysis showed an increase in maximum temperature for the months of April, August, September, October and the annual series. The minimum temperature showed an increased statistically significant trend at 5 % of probability in all months but August. The dataset of wind speed showed a strong reduction for each month of the year. The relative humidity tended to xvi decrease only for the month of October. The duration of sunshine was reduced for the months of January, May and December and the annual series. Based on the trends analyzed for the data series, there was a reduction in evapotranspiration of reference for all months of the year except the month of October. Following this pattern, the evapotranspiration of maize showed a reduction of about 1,98 and 2,69 mm per year for season and off-season maize, respectively. For the sensitivity analysis showed that the reference evapotranspiration was most sensitive to the variable maximum temperature was followed byrelative humidity, sunshine, wind speed and minimum temperature. The results show an increase in the amount of water available for the ou season maize crop. This is due to maize reduced evapotranspiration for the period analyzed, and small increase in precipitation.