Efeito da ingestão crônica de vinho tinto, vinho branco e suco de uva liofilizados, na aorta e fígado de coelhos adultos hipercolesterolêmicos

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Azevedo, Fabiola Teixeira
• Orientador(a): Stringheta, Paulo César
• Banca de defesa: Neves, Clóvis Andrade , Bertoldi, Michele Corrêa
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
• Departamento: Ciência de Alimentos; Tecnologia de Alimentos; Engenharia de Alimentos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Vinho; Doenças cardiovasculares; Polifenóis
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Wine; Cardiovascular diseases; Polyphenols
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::CIENCIA DE ALIMENTOS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/452

The phenolic compounds are the major sources of antioxidants consumed in the human diet and are widely distributed in fruit, vegetables and beverages such as tea, beer, grape juice and wine. The moderate consumption of red wine is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This phenomenon is based on data from epidemiological observations known as the french paradox. The mechanism that involves the wine s protective effect in CVD is highly questionable, due to the effects of alcohol and the non-alcoholic components of wine. The phenolic compounds present in red wine, white wine and grape juice have differences in their composition and quantity. The cardioprotective effect of red wine is attributed to the resveratrol, which is found in higher numbers than in white wine and grape juice. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of daily intake of lyophilized red wine, lyophilized white wine and lyophilized grape juice, resveratrol and statins in aorta e liver in adult rabbits fed with hypercholesterolemic ration. 35 male albino rabbits from New Zealander race, the animals were divided at random into seven groups that received 10mg of simvastatin, 1mg of resveratrol, 4mL of lyophilized red wine , 4mL of lyophilized white wine and 7.8 ml of lyophilized whole grape juice. These were submitted to three blood samples collection; before starting the experimental study, with 25 days and 50 days, on this last day in addition to the blood, tissues were also collected. Blood analyzes were performed by a colorimetric method. It was assessed total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), tryacylglicerols, total protein, albumin, creatinine, aspartate transferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), gamma-GT, alkaline phosphatase and lipase. Histological analyzes were performed in the arteries and liver. Immunofluorescence was performed to verify the expression of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the artery. The groups which received a cholesterol rich diet showed blood levels significantly increased of total cholesterol, indicating the efficiency of the addition of 1% of cholesterol in the habitt´s ration on induction of hypercholesterolemia. The red wine significantly increased the HDL in relation to the resveratrol in the period of 50 days. The resveratrol was more efficient than the grape juice in the reduction (p ≤ 0.05 ) of the triglyceride at 50 days of experimental study. The statin prevented the formation of foam cells in the artery, however failed to induce greater expression of eNOS. The red and white lyophilized wines presented better induction of eNOS compared to all treatments. The liver enzymes AST and ALT were significantly lower in the group treated with alcohol-free red wine than in the group treated with statins in the period of 25 days. Our results weren´t conclusive to affirm the effect of chronic intake of red wine, white wine and lyophilized grape juice, statin, resveratrol in the prevention of liver damages. Our work suggests that the mechanisms of protection for the coronary artery diseases are distinct for statin, resveratrol and the polyphenols in red wine, white and grape juice, without affecting the plasma levels of cholesterol and LDL-c levels.