Modelagem ecohidrológica usando o PHABSIM como suporte para a gestão de recursos hídricos, com foco na outorga de uso de água

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Camila Reis
• Orientador(a): Silva, Demetrius David da
• Banca de defesa: Pereira, Silvio Bueno
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Construções rurais e ambiência; Energia na agricultura; Mecanização agrícola; Processamento de produ
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Hidrograma ecológico; Vazão ecológica; Gestão de Recursos hídricos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Hydrograph ecological; Ecological flow; Water Resources Management
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::ENGENHARIA DE AGUA E SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3608

The water resources has been appointed as one of the two major problems for now and future, despite of the fact that water covers two thirds of the planet surface. On this context the eco-hydrology has emerged. This can be considered as a new interdisciplinary field that associates the hydrological and ecological processes. The aim of this project, based on what was exposed before, was to establish the ecological hydrogram for the Formoso river watershed aiming the water resources management and, in special, the water right. The Formoso River is located in the west region of Paraíba do Sul watershed and has a total drainage area of 398 square kilometers. The studied area was divided into two sections with one kilometer each and one of the areas was considered preserved (section 1) and the other one degraded (section 2). Two field expeditions were conducted, one during rainy season (March 2011) and other during dry season (June 2011). During these expeditions several data were collected such as water velocity and flow, deep, cover, number and types of target specimens. The expedition results shown that on the preserved section of Formoso River the amount of specimens found (67% specimens on rainy season and 33% on dry season) where bigger than the degraded section (56% specimens on rainy season and 44% specimens on dry season). On the first section the channel deeps analyzed were about 0.04 meters to 1.85 meters, 6.15 m3s-1 of medium flow during rainy season and 3.7 m3s-1 during dry season. On the second section the channel deeps varied from 0.04 to 1.35 meters and 7.6 m3s-1 to 5.56 m3s-1 of medium flow during rainy season and dry season respectively. The software PHABSIM were calibrated with the field data previously collected aiming to obtain enhanced ecological flow to each analyzed specimen and, with this water flow, the minimum ecological streamflow gap of 4.5 m3s-1 to 5.5 m3s-1 for both sections were determined. The minimum streamflows for section 1 were 1.58 m³s-1 for the 7Q10, 1.85 m³s-1 for Q95 and 2.10 m³s-1 for Q90 and for section 2 the minimum streamflows were 2.82 m³s-1 for the 7Q10, 3.30 m³s-1 for Q95 and 3.74 m³s-1 for Q90. Brazilian water-right criteria analysis shown itself insufient in the ecological range according to the fact the remaining stream flow does not keep a gap of minimum stream flow that doesn jeopardize Formoso River water life. Hydrograms were made with Tabuleiro-MG streamflow station data and the ecological stramflow gap. The results of these analyses shown that during critical water right period the water use takes on from June to October, and on these months it critical to have a bigger attention from the local Water Right Agency in a way to not allow water extraction that may comes to harm water life. The hydrogram analyses of the driest year and the rainiest year show periods with streamflow above the ecological one which implies the necessity of soil conservation and streamflow springs conservation techniques that will provide more streamflow during the dry season.