Interação de Clonostachys rosea e Sclerotinia sclerotiorum no solo e em plantas de soja e feijão

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Borel, Filipe Constantino
• Orientador(a): Abrantes, Luiz Antônio
• Banca de defesa: Pinto, Cleide Maria Ferreira , Oliveira, José Rogério de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Fitopatologia
• Departamento: Etiologia; Epidemiologia; Controle
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Mofo-branco; Controle Biológico; Pragas - Manejo; Feijão - Doenças e pragas; Soja - Doenças e pragas
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: White mold; Biological Control; Pests - Management; Beans - Diseases and pests; Soy - Diseases and pests
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4428

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an important pathogen that causes the white mold on several crops. Pathogen control is difficult because of the wide host range, lack of resistant cultivars, production of sclerotia, and problems associated with the chemical control. To evaluate the potential of biocontrol of white mold in soybean and common bean crops, we evaluated the efficiency of Clonostachys rosea to: i. reduce the viability of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum; ii. colonize plants of both leguminous; and iii. increase the emergence on bean from seeds infected with S. sclerotiorum. We evaluated the carpogenic germination of sclerotia in autoclaved soil and sand that were treated with C. rosea; in both, the antagonist reduced the germination. We also evaluated the germination of sclerotia that were stored under two conditions (laboratory and cold room) and buried in autoclaved, pasteurized, or natural soil treated with the antagonist. The carpogenic germination was reduced by C. rosea regardless of the sclerotia and soil treatments, whereas the myceliogenic germination was not affected. Conidial suspension of C. rosea was sprayed on soybean and bean plants, and samples of leaves and flowers were plated. The fungus was able to colonize the flowers and leaves of both leguminous. Bean seeds were infected with S. sclerotiorum, immersed in conidial suspension of C. rosea, and seeded in planting substrate. The treatment with the antagonist increased seedling emergence. Therefore, C. rosea reduced the carpogenic germination of S. sclerotiorum, colonized important tissues for white rot development in plants, and increased the emergence of seedlings from infected seeds. It is concluded that the antagonist is a potential biocontrol agent of white rot in soybeans and beans.