Isolamento, purificação e caracterização molecular de bacteriófagos específicos para Escherichia coli causadora de mastite bovina

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Dias, Roberto Sousa
• Orientador(a): Paula, Sérgio Oliveira de
• Banca de defesa: Mantovani, Hilário Cuquetto , Silva, Eduardo de Almeida Marques da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
• Departamento: Análises quantitativas e moleculares do Genoma; Biologia das células e dos tecidos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Mastite bovina; Bacteriófagos; Escherichia coli; Cromatografia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Bovine mastitis, Bacteriophages, Escherichia coli; Chromatography
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2338

The bovine mastitis causes serious damage to both the producer and the dairy industry. Caused by various pathogens, divided into two main groups: environmental and contagious. While the number of cases of contagious mastitis has decreased, cases caused by environmental pathogens is greatest, and Escherichia coli the primary etiologic agent. There is a significant increase in the number of new cases caused by this bacterium, which is currently the main driver of mastitis cases that culminate in the death of the animal. The frequent emergence of multi-drug resistant strains and highly pathogenic becomes necessary to study alternatives to the use of antibiotics. So bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria and are highly specific, appear as a viable option mainly due to the low cost and speed with which you can isolate a specific new phage against resistant strains. Recent studies of the genetics of bacterial phages and make safer the use of fagoterapia, necessitating molecular studies, to obtain data regarding the possible use of them in fagoterapia. In this context, were isolated 15 bacteriophages specific to Escherichia coli strains, isolated in herds affected by bovine mastitis. The isolates were characterized with respect to their proteinprofile, indicating the presence of two proteins of low molecular weight, composition of double-stranded DNA genome of about 44 kb. In order to reduce costs and time to obtain suspensions with a high degree of purity, was a standardized methodology for purification by ion exchange chromatography in a FPLC system, it is possible to obtain viral suspensions with a appreciable purity.