Avaliação genética de clones de Pinus taeda propagados via embriogênese somática

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Dias, Poliana Coqueiro
• Orientador(a): Xavier, Aloisio
• Banca de defesa: Dias, José Maria Moreira , Silva, Rogério Luiz da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Ciência Florestal
• Departamento: Manejo Florestal; Meio Ambiente e Conservação da Natureza; Silvicultura; Tecnologia e Utilização de
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Silvicultura clonal; Melhoramento genético; Micropropagação; Clonagem de Pinus
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Clonal forestry; Genetic improvement; Micropropagation; Cloning of Pinus
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/592

This study aimed to perform genetic evaluation of individuals from families of Pinus taeda propagated via somatic embryogenesis deployed in a clonal test. In specific terms, the objective was to estimate the genetic correlation among ages of selection (youth-adult), early selection efficiency for the characteristics of height, diameter, and volume, and to evaluate the capability of spreading Pinus taeda families by somatic embryogenesis using estimates of genetic parameters. This study was carried out by genetic-statistics analysis of a experimental network of Pinus taeda clones, comprising 238 clones propagated via somatic embryogenesis. Diameter, height, volume, and survival characters were obtained at ages of 1, 3, and 4 years in four clonal tests, two located in the State of Paraná and two in the State of Santa Catarina.Genetic and statistical analyses were performed by estimation of variance components via residual maximum likelihood (Reml) and prediction of breeding values via best linear unbiased prediction (Blup) using the Selegen-Reml/Blup software. Genetic correlations between youth ages and rotation age were performed applying the linear model developed by Lambeth (1980). Results indicate that selection of specific clones for different environments is necessary due to the high magnitude of Genotype x environment ( gxe ). Based on the values of accuracy and genetic correlations across environments (rgloc), it is observed that the selection by volume character should be practiced at the fourth year. With the simultaneous selection by stability and adaptability, genetic gain is 10% compared to the average commercial controls. This estimated gain is an indication that the somatic embryogenesis technique is efficient in clonal propagation with good yield potential. According to results of an established model for correlation between juvenile-adult ages, the early selection can be performed in Pinus taeda clones with high selection efficiency. Ages 4-6 years are sufficient to select Pinus taeda clones propagated via somatic embryogenesis for cuts at 8 and 12 years; ages 6-10 years are sufficient to be selected for cutting at 20 years. There are genetic variability and possibility of high genetic gain by selection among families for the somatic embryos presence and number of somatic clones by Pinus taeda families designed to somatic xembryogenesis. There is little or no genetic correlation between the number of clones propagated via somatic embryogenesis and height, diameter, survival, and volume evaluated at four years of age in clonal tests. It is concluded that somatic embryogenesis of Pinus taeda family was able to propagate clones with good productive potentials for growth characteristics. Early selection can be performed in somatic clones of Pinus taeda from four years with good selection efficiency. There is greater genetic gain for the ability to propagation via somatic embryogenesis selecting Pinus taeda families.