Avaliação nutricional de dietas contendo torta de pinhão manso detoxificada para novilhas e de silagem de estilosantes Campo Grande para ovinos

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Leandro Diego da
• Orientador(a): Pereira, Odilon Gomes
• Banca de defesa: Valadares, Rilene Ferreira Diniz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Amônia ruminal; Balanço de Nitrogênio; Digestibilidade; Nitrogênio Amoniacal no Rúmen
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Ruminal ammonia; Nitrogen balance; Digestibility; Ammonia nitrogen in the rumen
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PASTAGEM E FORRAGICULTURA::AVALIACAO, PRODUCAO E CONSERVACAO DE FORRAGENS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5757

Two experiments were conducted. The experiment I, we evaluated the effect of replacing soybean meal (SM) for Jatropha Curcas seed cake with hulls, detoxified with ethanol (JCDE) on intake, total tract digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen compounds balance (NB), pH, ammonia nitrogen in the rumen, indicators of liver function and ruminal degradation kinetics of protein foods on diet heifers. There were four heifers cannulated in the rumen, with an average weight of 379±2.13 kg, distributed in 4x4 Latin square. Each experimental period lasted 15 days, eight of adaptation and seven days to the collections. The animals received four complete diets containing the dry matter basis, 65% corn silage and 35% concentrate. Treatments consisted of four levels of SM replaced by JCDE + urea/ammonium sulfate in the diet: 0, 33, 67 and 100%, DM basis. The detoxification of Jatropha cake with ethanol removed 99.33% of the esters of phorbol. Effective degradability of JCDE DM was 383.34 g/kg, was lower compared to FS. Linearly decreased (P<0.05) for DM, OM, CP, EE, NFC and TDN, when the SM was replaced by JCDE. When expressed on body weight CMS values were 17.99, 16.24, 16.77 and 11.25 g/kg to levels 0, 33, 67 and 100% substitution, respectively. There was no effect (P> 0.05) levels JCDE on nutrient digestibility, with an average of 683.29, 705.49, 609.54 and 715.95 g/kg for the digestibility of DM, OM, CP and TDN content, respectively. A significant effect (P<0.05) and time of diets on ruminal pH, with increased pH levels with replacement. There was no effect (P>0.05) of diet on concentration of ruminal NH3-N, only (P<0.05) of collection time, with minimum point of 6.62 mg/dL, 11.25 hours after feeding. The concentration of ruminal NH3-N was 7.79 mg/dL. When expressed in g / day, there was a linear decrease (P <0.05) for the values of ingested-N, absorbed-N and NB with the level of substitution of SM by JCDE. The urinary urea and urea-N were not affected (P> 0.05) by the diets of JCDE. The serum levels of AST and ALT were not affected (P> 0.05) by the diets. Thus, we can conclude that despite the reduction of phorbol esters, detoxification seed cake with ethanol was not enough to promote an adequate intake of nutrients and thus do not recommend this treatment for Jatropha Curcas seed cake. The experiment II, we assessed intake, digestibilities of nutrients, nitrogen compounds balance, pH and ammonia nitrogen in the rumen of sheep fed diets containing stylosanthes Campo Grande and corn silage. A total of 12 rams, crossbred with an average initial weight of 32±1.26 kg, of which six animals were cannulated in the rumen. The animals were divided into four 3x3 Latin square design. Each experimental period lasted 16 days with 10 and six adapting to the collections. Treatments consisted of: 1 - stylosanthes exclusive silage (SSt), 2 - stylosanthes silage and concentrate (SSt+C) and 3 - corn silage and concentrate (CS+C). The concentrate was 500 g/kg total DM diets 2 and 3. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous according to the amount of crude protein (CP) of stylosanthes silage, 117 g/kg DM. The lower consumption (P<0.05) was observed in nutrient diet SSt, except for NDF. Were observed for DM of 528.35, 906.61 and 987.77 g/day for SSt, SSt+C and CS+C, respectively. Concentrate diets with nutrient intake was similar (P>0.05) except for the TDN, which was higher (P<0.05) for CS+C. There was less apparent digestibility DM, OM and CP, as well as lower levels of TDN, DE and for diet SSt. The CS+C had the lowest ruminal pH, 6.21. A significant effect (P<0.05) of collection time on pH and ruminal NH3-N. The highest ruminal NH3-N (21.10 mg/dL) was observed after 2.75 hours supply. Were recorded lower (P<0.05) amounts of ingested-N, feces-N, excreted total N, absorbed-N and retained-N for diet SSt. The NB was similar (P>0.05) in concentrate diets. There was no difference (P>0.05) in the urinary excretion of creatinine, urea and urea nitrogen. The diet of silage digestibility decreases stylosanthes regarding diet with corn silage. In diets with concentrate the pattern of rumen fermentation and apparent nitrogen balance was similar between the silage in the diet of sheep.