Eficiência e residual no solo de herbicidas aplicados em pós emergência na cultura do feijão

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Valdevino Pereira
• Orientador(a): Ferreira, Lino Roberto
• Banca de defesa: D'antonino, Leonardo , Freitas, Francisco Cláudio Lopes de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Fitotecnia
• Departamento: Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Herbicida; Feijão; Carryover; Efeito residual
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Herbicide; Bean; Carryover; Residual effect
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4573

We evaluated the efficiency and residual effect on soil of herbicides fomesafen (Flex) and imazamox + bentazon (Amplo) isolated or in mixture, in the tank, the bean crop in system conventional and corn in succession, in notill. The experiment was conducted under field and greenhouse, to evaluate the following treatments: Amplo and Flex at doses of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 L ha-1, the mixture of two in proportions of 0.75 + 0.25, 0.50 and 0.25 + 0.50 + 0.75 L ha-1, and two witnesses: one weeded and another without weeding. In the field, with the bean crop, each plot consisted of six rows with five meters in length, spaced at 0.45 m were evaluated weed control, herbicide toxicity to the bean plants, number of pods per plant, 100 grain weight and grain yield. With the corn crop in succession to the bean crop, each plot consisted of three rows with five meters in length, spaced at 0.90 m where they were evaluated the toxicity of herbicides to plant corn and grain yield. In the greenhouse we studied the residual effect of herbicides in soil from soil samples collected in the field plots, at different times after herbicide application (3, 33, 63, 93, 123, 153 and 183 days). Each sample of 300 g of soil was placed in vessels, which were cultured for 21 days Sorghum vulgare three plants (plants tests). In samples of ground at 153 and 183 days, and sorghum was also evaluated the toxicity of the herbicide on corn. The residual effect of herbicides was determined by evaluating the percentage of poisoning and dry matter accumulation in the shoots of sorghum and maize testing. The dose of 1.0 L ha-1 Flex herbicide provided good bean yield, however hindered the growth of sorghum in soil samples collected at 183 days after application, indicating the persistence of the herbicide by that date. With the same dose of Flex, for maize to 150 DAA, there was a poisoning of the plants at seven and 21 days after their emergence, but the dry matter of shoots was not affected, no effect was observed at 180 DAA. Amplo, applied alone was not effective in controlling weeds until harvest. The mixture Wide Flex allowed to reduce the dose of Flex to 0.25 L ha-1 without reducing productivity, with excellent weed control and crop condition easier and reduces the risk of carryover. The persistence of Flex in the soil was not altered by the presence of Amplo in the mixture.