Redes Sociais e Maternidade: diferentes vivências em uma instituição de ensino superior

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, íris Ferreira de
• Orientador(a): Teixeira, Karla Maria Damiano
• Banca de defesa: Silva, Neuza Maria da , Andrade, Viviane Delfino Albuquerque
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia Doméstica
• Departamento: Economia familiar; Estudo da família; Teoria econômica e Educação do consumidor
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Maternidade tardia; Trabalho remunerado; Redes de apoio social
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Late motherhood; Paid work; Social support networks
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA DOMESTICA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3377

Since the 1960s, a change in the pattern of female behavior motivated by changes occurring in society and promoted by the feminist movement can be seen. The middle class woman has significantly established herself in the labor market, increased her level of schooling and taken over her sexual life. These changes contribute to a further change in female behavior, mainly in relation to fertility, with direct impacts on the structure and organization of the family. Given this context, problems with the networks formed by women who experience delayed motherhood are constructed and are experienced differently compared to those who experience motherhood at a younger age, depending on emotional and financial stability, which facilitates the administration of the various spheres of female life. Using this context, questions about how networks of primiparous women before the age of 25 and after age 35 were formed? What are the different possibilities and difficulties in managing different demands for young and late mothers? This exploratory and descriptive work used a structured questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The interviews were taped and transcribed and categorized thematically. The population was composed of teachers and active employees of the Federal University of Viçosa - UFV, who were mothers (primiparae), between 2000 and 2007 with cut off ages of before 25 and after 35. The sample was comprised of 46 women who agreed to participate. The results showed that for both young and late mothers, motherhood after 35 years should not be considered late, and those who opted for the postponement of motherhood were satisfied with the option and, mostly, did not face health problems. The problems presented by 14.3% of mothers referred to difficulties in getting pregnant, and deciding to adopt. However, young mothers perceived late motherhood with greater limitations in terms of physical vigor and the mother s adaption to the child's routine. With regard to social support networks, it was found that although they have been shown to be important for both groups by becoming a strategy for managing different roles, demands and needs of work and family, they were constructed differently, depending on the time in which women experienced motherhood. For the group of young mothers, the network provided a conformation of greater reliance on family for the care and custody of the children during paid work time, while for late mothers these links were built with stronger links between formal institutions, such as nurseries and nannies such as maids. The findings suggest that families are changing in size, type and characteristic, with a greater dependence on social networks. In general we can conclude that women have planned their pregnancy and delayed it as a strategy to reconcile the paid work-family interface. The intimate networks are the main source of support for mothers in terms of psychological support and especially, on occasions, even when these mothers are financially able to afford the costs of hiring and employing care services and child education. Lastly, the options for reconciling family and work from the view of working mothers points to a reconciliation model, permeated by tensions and conditioning the effectiveness of social support networks for families.