Variação de renda familiar, desigualdade e pobreza no Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2007
• Autor(a) principal: Guimarães, Patrick Wohrle
• Orientador(a): Lima, João Eustáquio de
• Banca de defesa: Neder, Henrique Dantas , Dias, Roberto Serpa , Braga, Marcelo José
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Economia Aplicada
• Departamento: Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pobreza; Distribuição de renda; Crescimento econômico; Amostra complexa
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Poverty; Income distribution; Economic growth; Complex sample
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DEMOGRAFIA::POLITICA PUBLICA E POPULACAO::POLITICAS DE PLANEJAMENTO FAMILIAR
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/100

The purpose of this work was to investigate the relationships among economic growth, income distribution and poverty in the period 1995 to 2005, showing the relevance of the explanation of those relationships for implementation of public policies that seek to the improvement of the social conditions. Initially this work shows the evolution of poverty, income distribution and flotation of the medium per capita family income along the analyzed period. Those relationships are analyzed starting from the selection of three models: a first one that relates the variations in the poverty indicators and the main components that answer for this variation - decomposition model; a second that simulates the effects of the variation of the income and the concentration indicators on the poverty level - model of elasticity; and finally a model that associates the relationships between concentration of income and economic growth in the higher level income. The results show that inequality of the income distribution has reduced in a slow and gradual way. According the index of Gini, the fall in the inequality of income was 5,19% and most of that reduction reached in the most recent period (2001-2005). An important fact in that reduction is that the poorests of the population are appropriating of a larger portion of the income. On the other hand, the poverty measures suffered a widespread increase and the number of poor people on average in the most recent period (2001-2005) tends to stay in 32%. In the most recent period (2001-2005), the poverty measures that give bigger weight to the poorests have reduced. Finally, the medium per capita family income proxy for the economic growth stayed stagnated. The model of decomposition of the variations in the poverty measures shows that in the periods in which there was reduction of the poverty in Brazil, the main factor for that reduction is still the economic growth. Additionally, the model of elasticity shows that the potential effect of the redistribution is bigger than the potential effect of the economic growth. From that dichotomy between the real and foreseen it is possible to establish the following considerations: a) in lower levels of concentration of income taxes of very low growth produce very larger effects even; b) a dependence exists between the level of concentration of initial income and the effect of the growth; c) small growth taxes in a very unequal country condemn the country to an unequal social scene.