Análise das evidências de poder de mercado no segmento de distribuição de gasolina C no Brasil, de 2002 a 2008

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Fernandes, Rosangela Aparecida Soares
• Orientador(a): Braga, Marcelo José
• Banca de defesa: Vasconcelos, Silvinha Pinto , Barbosa, Cleber
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Economia Aplicada
• Departamento: Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Poder de mercado; Gasolina C; Combustíveis; Bem estar social; Organização industrial
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Market power; Gasoline C; Fuel; Welfare; Industrial organization
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INDUSTRIAL::ORGANIZACAO INDUSTRIAL E ESTUDOS INDUSTRIAIS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/129

The C gasoline distribution sector is highly concentrated in national and regional level. Besides, there are economical disadvantages of the incoming firms comparatively to the big companies already established, related not just with the largest capacities of storage of products, but also with the location of the bases that, usually, are installed in close areas to producing units. Also, there is not a diversity of substitute fuels close of C gasoline which represents alternatives to the consuming market. Before that, this study had as objective evaluate the degree of market power in the distribution of C gasoline and the impact on the welfare, in the period of January of 2002 to December of 2008. The research was accomplished by the light of New Empiric Industrial Organization Theory (NEIO), under an approach proposed by Bresnahan (1982). Besides, it was used a dynamic formulation of Bresnahan model which allowed us to identify a conduct parameter that determines the degree of power of stable market in long period. It was previously delimited the relevant market of product moisturized alcohol and C gasoline. The obtained results suggested that the C gasoline and the moisturized alcohol are at the same relevant market of product. The estimative of the static model suggested that for Brazil and areas, the behavioral parameters revealed themselves plenty distant of the perfect collusion. Therefore, the hypothesis that there is a market power in the analyzed geographical areas was not accepted. On the other hand, except in the case of the North area which the conduct parameter was revealed statistically no significant, the hypothesis of perfect competition was discarded. In the dynamic model, the conduct parameter valued to Brazil was not significant statistically. In a general way, in the regional markets, the obtained results corroborate the rejection of the hypothesis of existence of an expressive market power on the part of the distributing companies of C gasoline. The high concentration in the regional markets and the barriers to the entrance seems not to be enough to allow the exercise of market power for the dealers of C gasoline. In Southeast, North and Center-west areas, the behavior parameters reflected the high competition among the dealers, not associated to the structural conditions and the characteristics of the consuming market demand. In the South and Northeast the resulting conduct parameters were comparatively higher. The intraregional competition among bordering areas and the elastic demand in relation to the price of C gasoline and moisturized alcohol can consist of deterrent elements to the exercise of market power. Finally, it was not possible to verify welfare loses sufficiently significant for the society. That result was obtained from Deadweight Loss measurement (DWL), once this revealed itself low in all of the geographical markets. Therefore, significant losses did not happen for the society due to the inexistence of power of an expressive market on the part of C gasoline dealers.