Protagonismo, participação e projetos de vida: movimento dos jovens agroecológicos no município de Araponga-MG

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Miranda, Edna Lopes
• Orientador(a): Loreto, Maria das Dores Saraiva de
• Banca de defesa: Coelho, France Maria Gontijo , Reis, Lílian Perdigão Caixêta
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia Doméstica
• Departamento: Economia familiar; Estudo da família; Teoria econômica e Educação do consumidor
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Movimentos sociais; Jovens - Atividades políticas; Juventude rural; Protagonismo; Participação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Social movements; Youth - Political Activities; Rural youth; Leadership; Participation
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA DOMESTICA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3396

Brazilian agriculture is highlighted through successive "development models" that have contributed to promote inequality and social exclusion, mainly in rural settings. With the fall in agricultural occupations, originated from modernization and mechanization since the 70s, the rural population, especially youth and women, no longer imagine their life projects agriculture as a career and lifestyle, capable of providing decent work conditions and income. Youth reaction was translated, both in terms of the rural exodus as well as the form of mobilization and organization of social movements, seeking to conquest the land, the strengthening of family agriculture and the social control of public policies related to the rural context; at long last, the protagonism with regards to the claiming by the materialization of the right to life with dignity. So, given the above, it was defined the epicenter of this research: have the youth social movements attained sustainability in terms of leading role and participation of young people? What are the actions or strategies led by these young participants from the rural social movements, and how this can influence their life projects? For such, this study has as the main objective to analyze the process of building, interaction and reaching of rural social movements, examining their sustainability and life projects outcome from the youngsters from the town of Araponga/MG. It is then a study case, which has an exploratory character, with a quantitative-qualitative approach, because the same display high involvement of young people in rural social movements. The interviewed population consisted of young people aged between 15 and 32 years old and of leaders of Agroecological Movement. Results showed that the factors that contributed to the origin and construction of rural social movements in the region, such as agro-ecological movement are: the experience of conquering lands together; the concern of local farmers and pastoral agents of the Catholic Church with the undesirable consequences of modern agriculture, participatory diagnosis and preparation of a Plan for Sustainable Rural Development in the town. Furthermore, we highlight the fundamental role of the Sindicato dos TrabalhadoresRurais (Rural Workers Union) and the Centro de TecnologiasAlternativas da Zona da Mata (Centre for Alternative Technology in Zona da Mata)CTA-ZM, as well as supporting networks, capable of mobilizing farmers in the access to public policies. By analyzing the life projects of young people, it became transparent that, by the time young people start to adopt the principles and actions of the agroecological movement, their life projects are not driven exclusively by economic reasoning, but they also seek rebuild relations which have roots in a condition of traditional family life, guided by the labor relations and reciprocity that cross generations. The results also showed that among the policies and programs accessed by the movement and also by agroecological young person are: PronafJovem (Pronaf Young), PronafAgroecologia(PronafAgroecology), the Programa de CréditoFundiário (Land Credit Program), the ProgramaNacional de Educação da ReformaAgrária/PRONERA (the National Program for Education of Agriculture Reform), the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos/PAA (the Acquisition Program food/PAA)and the Programa de Aquisição de Merenda Escolar (Acquisition Program for School Meals). Besides, in the perspective of the leaders, the implemented public policies up to date by the Agroecological Movement is a result of the battle of farmers, who through access to information and counseling, provided by CTA and STR, managed to extend the possibilities of improving the rural life. In this particular case, policy does not appear as a gift but as workers achievement. We conclude that the agroecological movement in Araponga has achieved sustainability in its many forms, depending on its strategies for keeping young people in the field;improvement of personal and family income; promotionof greater autonomy in production and youth participation in political discussion with the municipal authorities, especially with regard to public policies and programs for the youth.