Seleção de mutantes para conteúdo de proteína e óleo por espectroscopia do infravermelho próximo em soja submetidas à radiação gama

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Barros, Josie Gomes de Almeida
• Orientador(a): Moreira, Maurílio Alves
• Banca de defesa: Moraes, Rita Maria Alves de , Piovesan, Newton Deniz
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Bioquímica Agrícola
• Departamento: Bioquímica e Biologia molecular de plantas; Bioquímica e Biologia molecular animal
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: NIR; Mutação; Soja
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: NIR; Mutation; Soybean
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/310

Induction of mutations by physical or chemical mutagens has been widely used in genetic improvement programs of several cultures, including soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). The combination of mutation induction with an efficient analysis of the characteristics whose variation is desired has contributed significantly to plant breeding. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of applying different doses of gamma radiation (100, 200 and 300 Gy) on the protein and oil content of soybeans and select mutant genotypes with the desired biochemical characteristics at the Soybean Breeding Program of BIOAGRO/UFV. Calibration models were developed to quantify the contents of moisture, protein and oil by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy for use in the determination of these constituents in soybean lines. The correlation coefficients and root mean square errors of calibration (RMSEC) were, respectively, 0.997 and 0.117 for moisture, 0.998 and 0.202 for protein and 0.988 and 0.421 for oil content. These results demonstrated that NIR spectroscopy provided satisfactory results for analysis of the constituents in soybean. An evaluation of protein and oil contents of soybeans treated with different doses of gamma rays and that untreated (control cultivar Vencedora) was performed. Correction of protein and oil content in relation to the environmental effect was made based on information from controls which were interspersed in the trial. The data was subjected to analysis of variance by the F-test at 5% probability to determine the effect of mutation on the progenies M1:4. The radiation dose of 300 Gy resulted in a greater percentage of M1 plants irradiated with significant differences compared to control for the two traits. Of the M1 plants selected that showed significant differences between irradiated and non-irradiated treatments, those with the lowest and highest maximum content of protein, higher than the control (39.87%), were the plants 934 (43.03%) and 100 (46.64%), respectively. The protein contents of these plants were higher than the control by 8% and 17%, respectively, indicating that mutations in the M1 plants selected favored protein content. For oil, the plants presenting lower and higher maximum oil contents, greater than the control (19.33%), were the plants 177 (20.46%) and 421 (21.89%) showed oil contents greater than the control by 6% and 13%, respectively, indicating that mutations in M1 plants selected favored the oil content. The M4 progenies of M1 plants were selected as possible mutants to increase protein and oil content, and a new selection of progeny will be performed to confirm the data obtained and this mutant progenies will be used in the Soybean Breeding Program of BIOAGRO/UFV.