Efeitos da disponibilidade de água e de luz no metabolismo fotossintético em Coffea arabica

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Macana, Yesid Alejandro Mariño
• Orientador(a): Damatta, Fábio Murilo
• Banca de defesa: Araujo, Wagner Luiz , Cavatte, Paulo Cezar
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Fisiologia Vegetal
• Departamento: Controle da maturação e senescência em órgãos perecíveis; Fisiologia molecular de plantas superiores
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Café; Déficit hídrico; Fotossíntese; Metabolismo; Sombreamento
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Coffee; Water deficit; Photosynthesis; Metabolism; Shading
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA::FISIOLOGIA VEGETAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4334

This study aimed to explore the effects of water and light availability on photosynthesis, water relations and carbon metabolism in Coffea arabica L. cv. Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44 plants subjected to a combination of contrasting light (shade and full sun) conditions combined with two levels of available soil water (drought and field capacity, here defined as 30% and 100% available soil water, respectively), under winter conditions. It was hypothesized that shading would allow a better acclimation of coffee plants in response to winter conditions in southeastern Brazil, where the nights are relatively cool followed by sunny, warm days. Compared to shade grown plants, sun-grown plants were taller with larger leaf area and stem diameter. In contrast, sun-grown individuals showed lower photosynthetic rate (A), chlorophyll levels and specific leaf area. The decrease in the variable-to-initial chlorophyll fluorescence ratio suugests that photochemical events played a role in limitating photosynthesis, whilst lower rubisco, sucrose-phosphate synthase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activities are indicative of biochemical limitations to the photosynthetic apparatus. Increased starch-to-sucrose ratio was also detected. Decreases in photosynthetic rates were found in droughted plants grown in both the shade (55%) and full sun (75%). These changes were accompanied by decreases in stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and hydraulic conductance, while the levels of glucose, fructose, sucrose and amino acids increased. There were no differences in the quantum efficiency of electron transport by photosystem II (PSII), non-photochemical quenching, non-regulated non-photochemical energy loss in PSII, photochemical quenching and electron transport rate under water deficit in sun and shade plants. Key enzymes associated with carbon metabolism, such as phosphofructokinase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase did not differ significantly in response to varying light and water availabilities.