Genotipagem de endosperma como estratégia auxiliar no mapeamento e detecção de QTLs em populações exogâmicas

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Martins, Francielle Alline
• Orientador(a): Carneiro, Pedro Crescêncio Souza
• Banca de defesa: Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira , Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento
• Departamento: Genética animal; Genética molecular e de microrganismos; Genética quantitativa; Genética vegetal; Me
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Locos de caracteres quantitativos; Mapeamento genético; Genotipagem de endosperma; Populações exogâmicas
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Quantitative traits loci; Genetic mapping; Endosperm genotyping; Outbred populations
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4741

In the genetic mapping in outbred populations not always it is possible to determine the linkage phase of the alleles. Thus, heterozygous individuals are discarded from these analyses due to the lack of information, once it is not possible, through their genotype, to distinguish the origin of their parental alleles. In this way, the main objective of this work was to propose the endosperm genotyping as a strategy to identify the allelic origin of those heterozygotes individuals. Initially, fragments from the endosperm representing 10, 25 and 50% of the corn seeds weight were extracted and the seeds were submitted to the germination test. The results suggest that the elimination of up to 50% of the endosperm did not affected the seed germination. The methodology of semiquantitative PCR was optimized to differentiate doses of the alleles in the mixtures of DNA derived from leaves of two maize inbred lines (L3 and L1113- 01). It was represented different allelic proportions observed in the endosperm of their reciprocal crosses, based on the maximum amount of endosperm that could be used for DNA extraction. SSR markers were generated by semiquantitative PCR technique and the amplified fragments were evaluated in both agarose gels treated with ethidium bromide and poliacrylamide gels using fluorescently labeled primers. Gel resolution using agarose did not allow the differentiation of the mixtures of parental DNAs. However, through the regression analysis and comparison of the band intensity corresponding to the same allele in the different mixtures, the initial concentration of each one of the alleles could be inferred. The requirement of an allelic pattern limited the use of this technique to QTL analysis in populations where at least one of the genitors is known. Although the resolution of poliacrylamide gels using fluorescent markers was more efficient in the endosperm genotyping, once it was allowed to differentiate the maternal origin of reciprocal hybrids seed´s. So, the strategy of endosperm genotyping using fluorescent SSR primer amplified by semiquantitative PCR allowed the determination of allelic origin in the heterozygous offspring derived from outbred populations, including these individuals in the QTL detection, and consequently, increasing the precision of this analysis.