Estudo in vitro de extratos vegetais amazônicos como moduladores da biohidrogenação de ácidos graxos e inibidores da degradação proteica e metanogênese em fluido ruminal

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Bichara, Carissa Michelle Goltara
• Orientador(a): Bressan, Josefina
• Banca de defesa: Rennó, Luciana Navajas , Veloso, Cristina Mattos , Costa, Neuza Maria Brunoro , Rogez, Hervé Louis Ghislain
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
• Departamento: Ciência de Alimentos; Tecnologia de Alimentos; Engenharia de Alimentos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pastagens; Nutrição animal; Ácidos graxos; Biohidrogenação ruminal; Inga edulis; Desmodium ovalifolium
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Field; Animal nutrition; Fatty acids; Ruminal biohydrogenation; Inga edulis; Desmodium ovalifolium
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::CIENCIA DE ALIMENTOS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/506

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of phenolic- rich extracts from two Amazonian plant species on in vitro ruminal by-pass of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), rumen microbial fermentation, inhibition of ammonia and methane production. Leaf extracts of Inga edulis (IE) and Desmodium ovalifolium (DO) were incubated with grass silage as substrate, at 0 (control; C0), 5 (C5), 10 (C10), 50 (C50) and 100 (C100) mg of lyophilized extract per g of feed dry matter, at 39 oC in a rumen fluid:buffer mixture, together with linseed oil. After different incubation times: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 24h, the fatty acid profile present in the fermentation fluid, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), methane and ammonia production were analyzed. The &#945;-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) biohydrogenation process was retarded in the presence of IE and DO extracts. After 3 hours, the &#945;-linolenic acid disappearance was reduced by 23 to 65% with IE and 15 to 61% with DO. Accordingly, the linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6) disappearance after 3 hours was reduced by 19 to 69% and 13 to 56% for IE and DO, respectively. Rumenic acid (c9,t11- C18:2), an important conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer and first intermediate of the biohydrogenation process of linoleic acid, significantly increased (P<0.05) with both extracts for treatment C10 in the first 3 hours of incubation, and for most of the treatments after 6 hours of incubation. Total VFA concentrations were affected by dietary treatment only at the highest concentrations (C50 and C100), which where there was a decrease in the concentration of the major VFA's ruminal. Relative to the control diet, the phenolic-rich extract reduced the rumen fluid ammonia level from 8 to 38% and 8.6 to 47% for IE and DO, respectively. Both legumes also presented antimethanogenic effects in the ruminal fluid, levels ranging from 10 to 40% were found when expressed mmol CH4/mmol fermented hexoses. These results lead us to conclude that phenolic-rich extracts from Inga edulis and Desmodium ovalifolium slow down the ruminal fatty acid biohydrogenation during the first hours of incubation and has potential as feed additives to reduce methane and ammonia production in ruminants, allowing healthier meat and dairy products, with less impact on the environment.