Seleção de pessegueiro adaptado ao clima subtropical

• Ano de defesa: 2007
• Autor(a) principal: Wagner Júnior, Américo
• Orientador(a): Bruckner, Claudio Horst
• Banca de defesa: Sánchez, Maria ángeles Moreno , Citadin, Idemir
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Fitotecnia
• Departamento: Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Prunus persica; Dormência; Necessidade de frio; Seleção; Qualidade do fruto; Pêssego; Melhoramento genético
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Prunus persica; Dormancy; Chilling requirement; Selection; Fruit quality; Peach; Plant breeding
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1259

The peach is one of fruit species subjected to more research all over the world having a large number of varieties. One of the most important objectives in peach breeding is the low chilling requirement, once it has direct relation with adaptation of the species in areas in mild winter s area, characteristic of subtropical regions. Characteristics such as fruit quality, involving the appearance (size, coloration, form, uniformity, etc), flavor (aroma, acidity, soluble solids, etc) and handling (texture, firmness, conservation, etc), are also used as selection criteria in obtaining superior varieties. The present work had the following objectives: (i) to select individuals with low chilling requirement using detached twigs methodology and to indicate a good parent for this characteristic; (ii) to test the efficiency of grafted twigs methodology in the evaluation of peach chilling requirement; (iii) to test the correlation among chilling requirement from seed with phenologic characteristics of peach varieties; (iv) to evaluate and to select genotypes which produce good quality fruits and with non-melting flesh and, (v) to indicate good genitors for these characteristics aiming introduced in the Peach Breeding Program of Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). The tested germoplasm in relation to chilling requirement studies was originated from the Peach Breeding Program of the UFV whereas evaluations of fruit quality and non-melting flesh were conducted on germoplasm from Peach Breeding Program of Experimental Station of Aula Dei (CSIC), Zaragoza Spain. From the detached twigs methodology tests five low chill populations and twenty nine peach genotypes were selected. The Real variety was efficient in obtaining low chilling requirement peaches when used as female parent. The grafted twigs methodology was efficient and promising in chilling requirement evaluation of peach. There are correlations significant between the chilling requirement for seed stratification and flowering data peach and, between the vegetative budburst data peach and chilling requirement for 100% seed germination. Through the experiments conducted in Spain, it was recommended the introduction of pollen from Crown Princess in order to obtain high quality fruit and with non-melting flesh in the Peach Breeding Program of UFV. It was also recommended the introduction of pollen and seeds of twelve, thirteen, fourteen and seven superiors genotypes from populations VADAC 0027, VADAC 0050, VADAC 0063 and VADAC 0065, respectively.