Sorção e dessorção competitiva de fósforo e citrato em solos de textura muito argilosa e média

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Matheus Fonseca de
• Orientador(a): Soares, Emanuelle Mercês Barros
• Banca de defesa: Villani, Ecila Mercês de Albuquerque , Novais, Roberto Ferreira de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas
• Departamento: Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fósforo; Citrato; Solos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Phosphorus; Citrate; Soils
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5504

Phosphorus (P) is one of the nutrients that often limit plant growth, mainly in highly weathered soils, such as Oxisols. However, low molecular weight organic acids can reduce P sorption in these soils. The aim of the study was to evaluate the P and citrate competitive sorption in clayey and sandy loamy soils using a stirred-flow system. Experiments were performed with soil samples (0-20 cm layer) from clayey (RYL_clay) and sandy loam (RYL_sand_loam) Red-Yellow Latosols (Oxisols). In the first study citrate effect on the P sorption was evaluated. Treatments were set up according to a 2 x 5 factorial, with two soils types and five forms of P application (only P, P and citrate, and citrate addition 7, 22, 52 min before P addition), three replicates in a completely randomized block design. The highest P sorption in the RYL_clay and RYL_sand_loam corresponding to 44.1 e 25.2 % of P added, respectively, was found with no citrate application. In the presence of citrate, P sorption was lower for all treatments evaluated. Citrate and P together reduced the sorption of P initially added to 25.8 % in RYL_clay and 16.7 % in RYL_sand_loam, in comparison to P application only. In the second assay was evaluated the P application effect on the citrate sorption. Treatments were defined according to a 2 x 2 factorial, with two soils two forms of P and citrate application (only citrate, citrate and P) in three replications in randomized blocks. The highest citrate sorption in RYL_clay and RYL_sand_loam occurred when there was no P application, corresponding to 32.0 and 30.2 % of citrate applied, respectively. With P application citrate sorption was reduced to 26.4 and 19.7 % of citrate initially added in RYL_clay and RYL_sand_loam, respectively. In the study assay it was evaluated the kinetics of desorption of previously adsorbed as affected by citrate addition. Each soil received a P dose (RYL_clay = 0.545 mg g-1 and RYL_sand_loam = 0.2 mg g-1) corresponding to 50 % of P sorption maximum capacity (PSMC) and they were incubated for 0, 6, 24, 240, 480 and 960 h before evaluating the kinetics of P desorption. Treatments were defined according to a 2 x 2 x 6 factorial scheme, with two soils, two extractors (citrate and water) and six incubation times. The P viiidesorption was greater when citrate was use as extractor. P desorption with citrate and water was initially higher (up to 24 h incubation of P) in the RYL_clay and RYL_sand_loam, consisting in an initially rapid phase, followed by a slow release phase, suggesting that depending on the time of contact of P with the soil colloids the previously adsorbed P may be released to the soil solution if effectively competing ligands such as citrates are present.