Formigas edáficas e atributos do solo em cafezais sob diferentes tipos de manejo

• Ano de defesa: 2008
• Autor(a) principal: Muscardi, Dalana Campos
• Orientador(a): Jucksch, Ivo
• Banca de defesa: Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud , Mendonça, Eduardo de Sá
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas
• Departamento: Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Manejo; Biodiversidade; Qualidade do solo
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Edafic ants; Soil management; Biodiversity; Soil quality
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5406

The intensive soil cultivation, is linked to degradation because of the edafic fauna biodiversity loss, which is responsive to keep or increase soil quality. Biopedological ants studies in farm lands is required, because ants modifies physics and chemistry soil aspects and act in ecologic process that occur in soil, enhancing this sustainability. In this work, the response of ant species richness and ant abundance to soil coverage, canopy coverage, litter weight, soil pH, soil moisture and soil macroporosity in nine coffee plantation areas above tree different management types: conventional cropping (three areas), agroecological cropping (three areas), agroforestry cropping (three areas) was tested. The ants were collected in litter, soil and pitfall traps in five points in each area. The soil and the litter were put into Berlese funnels and left there for seven days to extract the ants. After that, the litter was dried and weighted. After ants extraction, one funnel soil sample was collected to pH determination. One soil sample was collected in situ to determinate actual moisture and macroporosity, in laboratory. The canopy coverage was detected trough pixels presence in ortogonal digital images of each point sampled. The vegetal soil coverage percentage was detected in each point sampled. Linear mixed models were adjusted to data, using R program. The response of ant species richness and ant abundance to soil coverage, canopy coverage, litter weight, soil pH, soil moisture, soil macroporosity and management type was tested. The ant species richness and ant abundance were higher in agroecological system, and not respond to soil vegetal coverage. However, ant species richness and ant abundance responded positively to canopy coverage, litter weight and soil pH. Há uma preferência por ambientes com um microclima mais estável no desenvolvimento da colônia de formigas, assim, a temperatura local afeta a escolha do ambiente para nidificação. Este é um fato que pode explicar porque a riqueza e a abundância respondem positivamente à porcentagem de sombra. Os resultados mostraram padrão semelhante encontrado na análise em relação ao peso da serapilheira. Uma quantidade maior de serapilheira, oferece maior quantidade de recurso, permitindo a coexistência de mais espécies no local pela diminuição da competição intraespecífica. Essa relação entre serapilheira e diversidade pode ser o causador do resultado encontrado. O peso da serapilheira foi maior no SAF em relação aos outros manejos, uma vez interference in the image. This relationship helps to conclude about ant species richness and ant abundance response to managemente pattern. Ant species richness and abundance showed the same pattern: higher in AGRO them SSAF and SC, and the latter two did not differ. It follows that the management affect and biodiversity and then, changes in soil aspects can change soil fauna. A better knowledge about soil process allows the adoption of a sustainable management helping to maintain soil quality.