Índice de modernização e eficiência técnica da agropecuária do Espírito Santo

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Altoé, Samuel Rossi
• Orientador(a): Vale, Sônia Maria Leite Ribeiro do
• Banca de defesa: Ferreira, Marco Aurélio Marques , Leite, Carlos Antonio Moreira , Vieira, Wilson da Cruz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia Aplicada
• Departamento: Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Eficiência; Modernização; Agropecuária; DEA; Regressão Tobit; Análise Fatorial; Análise de Agrupamento; Espírito Santo; Municípios
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Efficiency; Modernization; Agro-livestock; DEA; Tobit regression; Factor analysis; The grouping analysis; Espirito Santo State; Municipalities
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA REGIONAL E URBANA::ECONOMIA REGIONAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/34

Agro-livestock activities have great influence on the Espírito Santo State economy and on the population. However, the municipalities inputs´ heterogeneity and agro-livestock technology level should be better studied. Thus, this work investigated the relations between technical efficiency and the agro-livestock modernization rate in the municipalities in Espírito Santo State, in 2006. For this, it was divided into two stages, both using the official data from 2006 agro-livestock Census. At first, the Data Envelopment Analysis was performed to measure municipalities technical efficiency and scale under constant and varied returns and input guidance. With the Constant Returns Model - CCR, the Central, North Coast, and Northwest regions had a similar percentage of efficient municipalities (40%), while the State s Southern region had only 16.63%. From 78 analyzed counties frequency, only 31 had efficiencies higher than 0.95%. To Variables Return Model - BCC, the efficient frequency was 41, and the municipalities average efficiency, which was 77.92% with constant returns, increased to 83.22% with variable returns. With these results, it was found that 21 counties were operating under constant returns, i.e., the proportion of used inputs was in harmony with the production level. However, six municipalities were operating with increasing returns and 49 with decreasing ones. Still in the first step, the municipalities technical efficiencies determinants were analyzed, using the Tobit Regression with ten explanatory variables. The effectively cultivated area, the establishments percentage that had electricity, establishments percentage that used irrigation and investments value were not significant variables. Two variables were significant, but showed different value than expected: the establishments percentage that received technical guidance and establishments percentage that have pests and diseases control. Variables positively related to the municipalities efficiency were: the establishments proportion using fertilizers, establishments proportion that prepare and conserve the soil, funding amount per hectare of cultivated area, and literacy rate. The condition they have imposed on municipalities efficiency is related to the increase of their proportions and the technical efficiency increased. The second stage of this work was the Agro-livestock Modernization rate construction. We used the Factorial Analysis to gather the 22 indicators in seven explanatory factors, which were land use intensity, irrigated area, financing, capital-labor ratio, pests and diseases control, investments, and technical guidance. From these seven factors scores, we proceeded to Cluster Analysis, and five groups of homogeneous counties have been formed. The G5 group, consisting of Aracruz, Marataízes, Marechal Floriano, Santa Maria do Jetibá, and Venda Nova do Imigrante, had the highest modernization rate. The G1 group, made up of 37 municipalities, mostly in the State s Northern, had the lowest. After these two steps, it could be verified by the correlation by ranks that the rate of a municipality modernization is positively related to its technical efficiency measure. Finally, we suggest policies that take into account the State heterogeneity and potentialities in order to improve the municipalities efficiency.