Mapeamento e caracterização de microssatélites derivados de sequências expressas (EST) e análise de coincidência de QTL em Eucalyptus spp. em ambientes contrastantes

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Sena, Juliana Stival
• Orientador(a): Alfenas, Acelino Couto
• Banca de defesa: Guimarães, Lúcio Mauro da Silva , Paiva, Danielle Assis de Faria
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento
• Departamento: Genética animal; Genética molecular e de microrganismos; Genética quantitativa; Genética vegetal; Me
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Eucalipto; QTL; Microssatélite
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Eucalyptus; QTL; Microsatellites
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4702

The first part of this work involved the development and genetic mapping of a new battery of microsatellites for Eucalyptus derived from ESTs. Screening of 232 microsatellites derived from ESTs was carried out using a panel of 12 individuals corresponding to the parents used for population development in the Genolyptus project. Among the successfully amplified loci, 78% were polymorphic and showed complete inter-specific transferability. Thirty six loci were selected for mapping based on the amplicon size (< 400 pb), repeat motif and positive BLAST with interesting genes in public databases. With the objective of mapping, 36 loci were evaluated with regard to polymorphism and segregation in a reference segregating population derived from a cross between E. grandis x E. urophylla. The proportion of loci segregating in a fully informative configuration was about 40% lower than the one seen for microsatellites derived from genomic-enriched libraries. In spite of a relatively lower genetic information content, these loci are interesting for mapping, as they correspond to genes, allowing comparative mapping and potential co-location with QTL. Among the informative loci, 20 were successfully mapped in the particular reference mapping population. These mapped loci were characterized for polymorphism information content. Although EST derived microsatellites are generally less informative than those derived from non coding genomic regions they can be effectively used for individual identification, paternity analysis, evaluation of genetic diversity, certification of controlled crosses, genetic mapping and marker-assisted selection. In the second part of this work the coincidence in QTL detection was investigated by comparing the position and magnitude of effect of QTLs for wood and growth properties in three partially connected segregating populations of Eucalyptus spp. in two contrasting environments (Guanhães-MG and Guaíba-RS) over 3,000 km apart in a north-south latitude gradient. The families studied were: (E. camadulensis) x (E. urophilla x E. globulus), C1 x UGL, (E. dunnii x E. grandis) x (E. urophylla x E. globulus), DG x U2, and (E. dunnii x E. grandis) x (E. uropyilla), DG x UGL. Microsatellite markers flanking QTLs mapped in previous studies in these three families in Guaíba-RS were selected for the coincidence study. These markers were mapped using different sets of individuals from the same three families planted in Guanhães-MG. QTLs for eight quantitative traits related to wood and growth properties were studied. Two QTL (height and depth of pilodyn penetration, i.e. wood density) were detected in common for the two environments in the UGL parent (cross C1 x UGL); two (lignin content and pulp yield) in parents DG and U2 respectively (cross DG x U2) and four QTLs (two for diameter at breast height, one for height and one for volume), two of them colocalized with QTLs for biologically correlated traits (r > 0.8), in the parent UGL (cross DG x UGL). Furthermore, three QTLs (diameter at breast height, height and pilodyn penetration depth) located on linkage group 6 of the parent UGL were stable across the different genetic backgrounds and environments. Results indicate that QTLs of major effect for wood property traits are consistently detected in contrasting environments and/or different genetic backgrounds, suggesting that environmental variability and genetic background did not have a detectable impact on the action of the genes or genomic regions underlying these QTL, while other QTLs detected only in one of the environments are possibly under strong environmental interaction. These novel results are relevant, given that they provide target regions for marker assisted selection within families and starting point for association genetics studies.