Caracterização molecular de cultivares de café resistentes à ferrugem

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Tiago Vieira
• Orientador(a): Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira
• Banca de defesa: Sakiyama, Ney Sussumu , Pereira, Antonio Alves
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento
• Departamento: Genética animal; Genética molecular e de microrganismos; Genética quantitativa; Genética vegetal; Me
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Melhoramento do cafeeiro; Marcador SSR; Fingerprinting de cultivares
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Improvement of coffee; SSR marker; Fingerprinting of cultivars
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4796

Coffee breeding in Brazil promoted the development of cultivars with much higher productive potential, compared to traditional cultivars. Currently, 123 cultivars of Coffea arabica are registered in the National Register of Cultivars RNC/MAPA, of which eight are protected. Cultivars can only be registered if they are distinct, uniform and stable (DUS). Morphological descriptors have been generally used for DUS examination of a cultivar. However, commercial cultivars are increasingly coming phenotypically closer. This hinders a precise discrimination of these materials by such descriptors. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop an alternative to assist in DUS testing, because it will provide great benefits. The use of molecular markers can discriminate more accurately and safely cultivars candidates to registration and/or protection. Among the various types of molecular markers, microsatellites have been the most widely used because they are codominant, multi- allelic, highly polymorphic and locus-specific. This study aimed to establish a set of microsatellite markers for molecular characterization (fingerprinting) of coffee cultivars carrying rust resistance (Hemileia vastratrix Berk. Et Br). Thirty-four cultivars/progenies of C. arabica were assessed. For each cultivar/progeny, six plants were analyzed, which totaled 204 individuals. Thus, it was possible to verify the occurrence of genetic variability within and among the genetic materials evaluated. Thirty-one microsatellite primers were tested; 27 amplified, of which 20 were polymorphic. Based on the data of 16 polymorphic markers selected, a dendrogram was constructed, and a molecular profile of the cultivars was established in two distinct ways. The analysis of the dendrogram allowed distinguishing 29 of the 34 cultivars/progenies assessed. Fingerprinting analysis allowed defining 31 unique molecular profiles.