Associação da atividade física e de componentes da dieta habitual com estresse oxidativo e outros fatores de risco cardiometabólico em homens de meia-idade

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Cocate, Paula Guedes
• Orientador(a): Natali, Antônio José
• Banca de defesa: Rosado, Eliane Lopes , Oliveira, Leandro Licursi de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Ciência da Nutrição
• Departamento: Dietética e Qualidade de Alimentos; Saúde e Nutrição de Indivíduos e Populações
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Atividade física; Dieta habitual; Estresse oxidativo; Fatores de risco cardiometabólico
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Physical activity; Usual diet; Oxidative stress; Cardiometabolic risk factors
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/386

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and oxidative stress have been recognized as important cardiometabolic risk factors. Among the major behavioral risk factors associated with MetS and oxidative stress the sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary pattern are noteworthy. Thus, this cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the association of habitual physical activity as well as some components of the usual dietary intake with cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-aged men. Among 300 male employees of the Federal University of Viçosa-MG who volunteered to take part in this study 296 (age 50.5 ± 3.5 years and body mass index 25.8 ± 3.5 kg/m 2) completed all phases of the study. The habitual physical activity was assessed by the number of steps walked per day (mean of seven consecutive days). Anthropometric (weight, height and waist circumference) and clinical parameters (blood pressure), the usual dietary intake (food frequency questionnaire) and lifestyle were assessed by validated procedures. Blood biochemical parameters (lipid and glycemic profile), diagnosis of MetS, homeostasis of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triacylglycerol and HDL-cholesterol ratio and oxidative stress biomarkers were also determined appropriately. It was found that MetS, adiposity indicators and insulin resistance were significantly (p<0.05) lower in the group of physically active (&#8805; 10,000 steps/day) compared to the group not physically active (< 10,000 steps/day). In addition, the number of steps was negatively associated with adiposity (gynoid, android and total) and insulin resistance, regardless the confounding factors. In contrast, the habitual dietary glycemic load was positively associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as free fatty acids, triacylglycerol/ HDL-c ratio and a biomarker of DNA oxidative stress (8-hydroxy- 2'-deoxyguanosine) in physically active individuals. The analysis of meat consumption showed that participants included in the highest tertile of red meat intake (&#8805; 81.5 g/d) had a higher occurrence of MetS, higher insulin resistance, oxidized LDL (lipid peroxidation biomarker) and triglyceride/HDL-c ratio, as compared to individuals included in the second (56.0 to 81.5 g/d) and first (< 56.0 g/d) tertiles of red meat consumption, independent of confounding factors. However, higher consumption of fruits and vegetables (&#8805; 341.1 g/d) was negatively associated with lipid (8-iso-prostaglandin F2&#945; and oxidized LDL) and DNA (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine) oxidation biomarkers after adjustment for confounding factors. These results support the conclusion that the habitual physical activity and some components of the usual dietary intake are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-aged men. In fact, these data indicate that a higher number of steps per day and fruits and vegetables intake as well as a lower consumption of red meat and diets with high glycemic load may be important strategies to recommend for a healthy lifestyle in order to prevent cardiometabolic risk factors and the related oxidative stress.