Sistemas Nacionais de Vigilância da Qualidade da Água para consumo humano: estudo comparativo Brasil e Colômbia

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Guzmán Barragán, Blanca Lisseth
• Orientador(a): Bevilacqua, Paula Dias
• Banca de defesa: Nero, Luís Augusto , Pinto, Paulo Sérgio de Arruda , Cotta, Rosângela Minardi Mitre , Salcedo, Joaquín Hernán Patarroyo
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária
• Departamento: Biotecnologia, diagnóstico e controle de doenças; Epidemiologia e controle de qualidade de prod. de
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Água para consumo humano; Vigilância; Avaliação; Brasil; Colômbia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Water for human consumption; Surveillance; Review; Brazil; Colombia
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::MEDICINA VETERINARIA PREVENTIVA::EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANIMAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5045

The vigilance of water quality for human use (VWQHU) is a decisive instrument in preventing and reducing risks to human health, caused by diseases associated with water consumed by the population. In this way, the study and evaluation of practices of VWQHU developed by different countries are important instruments for production of knowledge that provides the development and improvement of actions in this area. This study aimed to understand the different strategies adopted by national systems of VWQHU in Colombia and Brazil. The methodology included the description and detailed characterization of historic, political, institutional, legal, conceptual and operational aspects of VWQCH, by using different documents collected in electronic sites or disposed by institutions in charge of developing actions of VWQHC in Brazil and Colombia. The analyses also aimed to mark the convergences and divergences between the two countries and compared them to the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO), international reference for the actions of VWQHC. The administrative structure that supports VWQCH actions show distinct and similar aspects, following up the own characteristics of the political and governmental organization of both countries. In Brazil, differently from Colombia, there was an addressing in the sense of making up a specific space in a national scope from which the actions of VWQHC were and are planed and coordinated, in this case, the General Coordination of Environmental Health from Vigilance in Health Secretary (CGVMA/SVS/MS) and the program VWQHC (VIGIAGUA). It was proved in Brazil, an effort to theoretically validate the politics that subside actions of VWQHC, exemplified by countless documents identified in scientific nature, what contributes for the strengthen of the field of Vigilance in Environmental Health as a whole. Concerned to operationalization , the actions of VWQHC are developed in the two countries in a decentralized way and if they were searched to stimulate intersectoral, a needed and essential aspect for the success of intervention in this area. In the operational scope it was clear that both countries considered different aspects predicted in the guidelines suggested by WHO, fitting them to local context. In this way, it was developed their own systems of information on water quality for human use, laboratories nets, sample plans and evaluation methodology of risks that stand for the actions of vigilance of water quality. Regarding to risk evaluation methodology, those ones are found better established, legally speaking and also in terms of proposition of operational tools, in Colombia. Both countries also incorporated in legislation and aimed to develop activities regarded to the guarantee of right to information for the consumer, trying to involve him, even in a shy and in a little operative way, in the dynamic of this field. We concluded that Brazil and Colombia have VWQHC systems well structured and in operation that they were conceived following the guidelines of international references in the field that bring current aspects regarded to the running of actions of vigilance to the health, following the example of utilization of risk evaluation tools.