Processo de ozonização: eficácia biológica, qualidade dos grãos e análise econômica

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Alexandre de Melo
• Orientador(a): Faroni, Lêda Rita D'antonino
• Banca de defesa: Silva Júnior, Aziz Galvão da , Martins, Márcio Arêdes , Martins, José Helvécio , Monteiro, Paulo Marcos de Barros
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Construções rurais e ambiência; Energia na agricultura; Mecanização agrícola; Processamento de produ
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ozonização; Pragas de grãos; Armazenamento
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Ozonization; Grain pests; Storage
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::ENGENHARIA DE PROCESSAMENTO DE PRODUTOS AGRICOLAS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/802

The present work aimed to assess the ozonization efficacy for controlling the insect-pest Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in maize stored at 20, 30, 35 and 40 ○C temperature in up to 168 hours of gas exposure, its effect on grain quality during 180 days of storage, besides its economical viability. The work carried out at the Storage Grain Sector of the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal University of Viçosa was carried out in three phases. In the first, lethal time (LT) estimates were carried out for each species under investigation using probit analysis. Six PVC tubes (1 m high x 0.20 m diameter) were used to sustain the grains and obtain the data. At 0.10 m of the recipient bottom a metallic net was placed forming a plenum to better distribute the gás. The connexions for gas injection and exhaustion were installed at the cylinder bottom lids and in its body a sensor to monitor grain temperature was installed. Three cylinders received only atmospheric gas to compare with the ozonization results. Ozone and atmospheric gas were injected at a continuous flow of 8.0 L.min-1. Traps with 20 insects of each species were placed at the median height of the cylinders and after different exposure periods the mortality assessment was carried out. In the second phase, the grains were subjected at the highest exposure period and distributed in glass jars for assessment of infestation level, moisture content, apparent specific mass, electrical conductivity and class at every 45 days during a total of 180 days of storage. In the third phase, an economical analysis was carried out using the values of apparent specific mass obtained throughout the storage period of the second phase and the economical parameters of time length for the capital return, present net value and inner return rate. In general there was an increase in ozone fumigation efficacy at 50 ppm with increased temperature and length of exposure with LT50 and LT90 of 71.39 and 151.85 h at 20 ○C, 59.61 and 115.62 h at 30 ○C, 82.93 and 138.22 h at 35 ○C, and 69.52 and 105.12 h at 40 ○C respectively. Regarding the qualitative and quantitative assays, ozone at 50 ppm did not affect grain quality during storage after a 168 h exposure. The results of economical indicators suggest that the ozone use can be economical viable if applied to grain mass at the temperatures of 20 and 35 ○C.The present work aimed to assess the ozonization efficacy for controlling the insect-pest Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in maize stored at 20, 30, 35 and 40 ○C temperature in up to 168 hours of gas exposure, its effect on grain quality during 180 days of storage, besides its economical viability. The work carried out at the Storage Grain Sector of the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal University of Viçosa was carried out in three phases. In the first, lethal time (LT) estimates were carried out for each species under investigation using probit analysis. Six PVC tubes (1 m high x 0.20 m diameter) were used to sustain the grains and obtain the data. At 0.10 m of the recipient bottom a metallic net was placed forming a plenum to better distribute the gás. The connexions for gas injection and exhaustion were installed at the cylinder bottom lids and in its body a sensor to monitor grain temperature was installed. Three cylinders received only atmospheric gas to compare with the ozonization results. Ozone and atmospheric gas were injected at a continuous flow of 8.0 L.min-1. Traps with 20 insects of each species were placed at the median height of the cylinders and after different exposure periods the mortality assessment was carried out. In the second phase, the grains were subjected at the highest exposure period and distributed in glass jars for assessment of infestation level, moisture content, apparent specific mass, electrical conductivity and class at every 45 days during a total of 180 days of storage. In the third phase, an economical analysis was carried out using the values of apparent specific mass obtained throughout the storage period of the second phase and the economical parameters of time length for the capital return, present net value and inner return rate. In general there was an increase in ozone fumigation efficacy at 50 ppm with increased temperature and length of exposure with LT50 and LT90 of 71.39 and 151.85 h at 20 ○C, 59.61 and 115.62 h at 30 ○C, 82.93 and 138.22 h at 35 ○C, and 69.52 and 105.12 h at 40 ○C respectively. Regarding the qualitative and quantitative assays, ozone at 50 ppm did not affect grain quality during storage after a 168 h exposure. The results of economical indicators suggest that the ozone use can be economical viable if applied to grain mass at the temperatures of 20 and 35 ○C.