Comportamento sexual, parâmetros seminais e fertilidade do sêmen congelado de jumentos (Equus asinus) da raça Pêga

• Ano de defesa: 2008
• Autor(a) principal: Canisso, Igor Frederico
• Orientador(a): Carvalho, Giovanni Ribeiro de
• Banca de defesa: Costa, Eduardo Paulino da , Mâncio, Antonio Bento
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Sêmen; Qualidade; Fertilidade; Asininos; Comportamento sexual
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Semen; Quality; Fertility; Donkeys; Sexual behavior
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5587

This dissertation is compounded for four trials. Experiment 1: This paper describes field results of some sexual behavior characteristics shown by donkeys when using an estrous mare for semen collection. Six donkeys (J: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) (Pêga breed), 3.5 16 year old and body weight from 230 to 330 kg. The jacks were conditioned to breed mares in a stud farm of mule production in Guacariaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. For the semen collections, mares estrous signs were confirmed by a teaser stallion. The collections were done with an artificial vagina (Botucatu model), (water temperature 51° C) by the same veterinarian and far from the other donkeys. The collection intervals were from 48 to 72 h totaling 180 collections (17 to 40 semen collection/ breeder).The physical and morphological seminal parameters and were evaluated using a light microscope; gel fraction and semen volume were measured separated. Behavior data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test P < 0.05 by Statistical Analysis Systems-SAEG 9.1 (2007). The seminal parameters were: total motility 84.2 ± 6.0%, progressive motility 74.5 ± 7.1%, vigor 3.9 ± 0.5, semen volume 47.3 ± 28.7 ml and gel fraction 71.7 ± 54.8 ml. Gel fraction was present in 90/180 collections, in J1 39/40, but never in J4 and J5. The characteristics of sexual behavior were: reaction time 18.3 ± 17.6 min, time to the mount 5.1 ± 3.5 s, time to ejaculation 25.4 ± 7.7 s, number of mounts without erection1.1 ± 1.3 and number of Flehmen responses 7.4 ± 5.8. The older jacks group was the shorter was the reaction time and less mounts without erection. None of the sexual behavior characteristics was significantly different among jacks (P>0.05). All the collections started with sniffing of external genitalia. The ejaculation time, Flehmen response, and mounting without erection were similar to that described in natural breeding of jennies. However, no clapping mouth response was observed in the donkeys, neither difference in the mount time between jacks. In conclusion the used estrous mare was an efficient method of semen collection in donkeys neither significant effects on the sexual behavior. Experiment 2: The present study was performed with six jacks of the Pêga breed, weight from 231 to 326 kg (272 ± 34, 97). The breeders were divided in into the adult group (J1, J2 e J3, mean 15 years old) and a young group (J4, J5 e J6, mean 3,5 years old). The jacks presented records of normal rates of fertility at natural mating. Afterwards breeding soundness evaluation was performed and all animals ensure they were of capable for reproduction. Hundred eighty semen collections were performed, and the jacks presented normal seminal parameters for the specie. From August/2006 to February/2007, after semen collection each jack was submitted to three or four measurements of the extern genital tract (both right and left side) for: testis length (TL cranio caudal); testis height (TH dorsal ventral); testis width (TW lateral-lateral) and thickness of spermatic funiculum (FUN third part). The biometric data from testis biometric were used for calculation of testis indices (TI) and testis volume (TV). The average of TI observed was 7,45 (5,94 a 9,64) and TV 155,51 ± 14,45 149,34 ± 14,92 respectively left and right. The mean of FUN were for the right 25,35 ± 3,38 mm (20,38 a 30,80 mm) and 24,61 ± 1,59 mm (22 a 26 mm) for the left side. The jacks presented lesser TI than those proposed for stallions, but the asinine were more efficient than average related to stallion for sperm production. The testis volume associated with IT can be used in addition to the evaluation of the normality of the jacks breeder s testis. The measurement in vivo of spermatic funiculum can be used with other new component for the breeding soundness evaluation of jacks. The biometric values of the genital extern tract of this study it can support routine breeding evaluation and be applied to news studies. Experiment 3: This study was development in stud farm for mule and donkey production aiming to establish normal values of seminal parameters of jacks Pêga breed. Six jacks are used and arrangement in two groups adults (16, 15, 14 years old) an young (3.5, 3.5, 3.5 years old) weighting 272 ± 34,97 kg (231 326 kg). The animals were submitted to breeding soundness evaluation and all were approved for reproduction, beside that all animals present record of normal fertility. Were performed 180 semen collections (17 to 40/ jacks) by use artificial vagina Botucatu model. The values registered for physical seminal parameters and sperm morphology were: semen volume 47,27 ± 28,66 mL, gel fraction volume 71,75 ± 54,80 mL, total motility 84,22% ± 6,04, progressive motility 74,47 ± 7,06%, spermatic vigor 3,87 ± 0,51, sperm concentration 254,64 ± 91,25 x106/mL e, total sperm 10,3 ± 4525, 26 x 109, major spermatic defects and minor defects were 7,97 ± 3,02 % e 6,80 ± 1,59% in order. Were observed effect of class about seminal parameters, despite of the presence gel fraction was measurable in 30% of semen collections (54/180 collections) and the volume of gel fraction were influenced individually. This data may be used as references values for new studies. However, fields records and new studies involving greater number of breeders it should be done to establish real values for the specie. Experiment 4: This study comprehend the evaluation of the semen freezing methodology for jacks, with the application f the curve cooling pre freezing, and the use of two semen dilutors: Martim et al. (1979) and Nagase & Niwa (1964) modified. Twenty five semen collection were performed of five jacks Pêga breed; weighting 272 ± 34,97 kg and with age vary from 3,5 years to 17 years. Evaluations were performed in raw semen, cooled, and freezing semen in different phases of semen cryopreservation of the jacks Pêga breed. The analyses were: sperm morphology, membrane integrity by test stress hyposmotic and supravital stain and also physical seminal parameters. In addition, was realized fertility test in 51 mares (60 estrous cycles), 30 estrous cycles/dilutor with the semen from three breeders. The pregnancy rates were 13, 25 and 35 days were: 53,33%, 43,66% e 16,6% for Nagase & Niwa (1964) modified and 50%, 46,66% e 10% Martim et al. (1979).The hiposmotic test showed suitable test for indication the sperm cells survivors to the cryopreservation procedures, while the supravital stain was unsuitable for the present methodology. The pregnancy rates were elevated between days 13th and 25th, but slight rates of embryo loss. The traditionally dilutors used for semen bulls and stallions can be used for jacks semen cryopreservation.