Desigualdade, crescimento econômico e armadilhas da pobreza no Brasil: 1996 a 2007

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Moreira, Renata Couto
• Orientador(a): Braga, Marcelo José
• Banca de defesa: Lima, João Eustáquio de , Lima, João Ricardo Ferreira de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Economia Aplicada
• Departamento: Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Desenvolvimento econômico; Armadilhas da pobreza; Modelos dinâmicos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Economic development; Poverty traps; Dynamic models
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::CRESCIMENTO, FLUTUACOES E PLANEJAMENTO ECONOMICO::CRESCIMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONOMICO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/123

The verification of the channels that perpetuate growth, and simultaneously, act in the promotion of wealth and income distribution, and in the poverty reduction, allow to formulate critical points about the State performance in the resolution of this typical "collective action problem". This consist in remedy the distributive conflict that exist in a society, between the concentration of the product generated in the economy, and of individual privileges to restrict hegemonic groups, and the guaranty of social justice and collective well fair for the large majority of the population. The works discussing this implications for the Endogenous Growth Model Driven by Externalities was used as a theoretical framework to investigate this issue. A problem that emerges from this work and was the focus of this study is, can the poverty and inequality conditions be relevant part of the explanation of the low economic performance of a country, or a region. In particular, redid this question for Brazil and its states. The goal was verify the relevancy of the propagation channels of the relations between economic growth, and changes in inequality and poverty in the historic process of development of the Brazilian states from 1996 to 2007. Specific objectives focus on the analysis of the Access asymmetries of education and credit perpetuating this relations. It was considered that the super-structure given by social norms and institutions historically constructed, and how the capital goods are distributed among individuals, as determinants of the behavior of income growth over time. The results extends for a context in with capital goods are unevenly distributed between people, considering paths of technology transference between countries, or states, to explicate how this fact limits the access of the financial market. Technology come to depend of the "qualification" level of the workers, measured for each state in this study by the average completed study years and the analphabetism rates. The asymmetries in Access to capital goods, imply by the theory in credit market imperfections, impracticable its access to the poverty agents. The development of this last one was measured by the credit operations for the Brazilians states. Unable to establish potential productive enterprises, as happens in Brazil, in its regional disparities, and between its analyzed states, exercise decelerator effect on economic long-term growth rates. This, could be measured by use of dynamic models and multivariate analysis in simultaneous equation systems with panel data. Can be concluded that inequality served by reducing the long-term growth rates, as true poverty traps, stabilizing the Brazilian economy in a cyclic process of inequality-poverty-low-growth. Shares also in favor of the adoption of redistributive policies by the State to solve this problem, as discussed in the Productive Transformation with Equity and in the Poverty Traps Theory.