Bem-estar e comportamento de porcas lactantes por 28 dias em função do tipo de maternidade no período do verão

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira Júnior, Gregório Murilo de
• Orientador(a): Ferreira, Aloízio Soares
• Banca de defesa: Fontes, Dalton de Oliveira , Donzele, Juarez Lopes
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bem-estar; Comportamento; Porcas em lactação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Welfare; Behavior; Lactating sows
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::ECOLOGIA DOS ANIMAIS DOMESTICOS E ETOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5776

An experiment was realized with the objective of study the welfare and the behavior of sows housed in different types of maternity for 28 days in the summer. The matrices of different parturition of orders were distributed in a completely randomized design randomly into three treatments and ten replicates, each animal was considered the experimental unit. Treatment one (T1) was corresponded to the conventional maternity with shelter in creep and birth cage; treatment two (T2) was corresponded to conventional maternity with shelter in creep and birth cage; with the cooling of the floor in the containment of sow and treatment three (T3) was relevant to maternity alternative, and no cage parturition with shelter in creep, allowing it access to sows and piglets to the paddocks. During pregnancy the matrices consumed 3,0 kg of feed per day and in the lactation the intake was ad libitum. The sows and their litters were weighed at birth, 21 and 28 days, which was the weaning. The animals were filmed at seven, 14, 21 and 27 days for 24 hours. The maximum and minimum temperatures were above the zone of comfort. All variables were evaluated by analysis of variance using the SAS program and the F test at 10% probability, being the "number of piglets used as a covariate. In relation to frequency in feeder, the T3 trip showed lower raid (P≤0.10) compared to T1. The fact that the T2 present more frequently (P≤0.10) for the trip feeder is connected to consume these diets throughout the day which is related to better index of welfare. The T1 presented (P≤0.10) more time in other positions and higher frequency the visit to the fountain being indicative of higher degree of stress, directing the anomalous behavior in relation to other treatments. There was no effect (P≥0.10) of treatments on average daily feed intake on the intake of digestible lysine and metabolizable energy, protein and fat body at 21 and 28 days, but the intakes of lysine treatment attended the value minimum of 46 g/day for sows providing similar performance. The treatments affected the physiological parameters and the T2 and T3 showed the better index of welfare. As far as the 21 to 28 days to better energy efficiency was in T2 and T3 in relation to T1. Thus it is concluded that the cooling of the floor of maternity in the summer offers better conditions of welfare and improved energy efficiency in the production of piglets during lactation when compared to conventional maternity and maternity with access to the paddock provide better conditions of welfare and better energy efficiency in the production of piglets during the lactation period in the summer that conventional maternity.