Identificação e análise de barreiras não-tarifárias sobre as exportações brasileiras de carne bovina

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Junqueira, Beatriz de Assis
• Orientador(a): Lírio, Viviani Silva
• Banca de defesa: Silva, Orlando Monteiro da , Santos, Maurinho Luiz dos , Campos, Beatriz Rodrigues
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia Aplicada
• Departamento: Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Carne bovina; Exportação; Barreiras não-tarifárias
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Bovine meat; Exports; Non-tariff barriers
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/94

Lately, overall in 1990 decade, the international trade has been intensified significantly. However, despite of the important gains aimed, the countries keep using protectionism trade politics yet, among them, non-tariff barriers (NTB), which have been increased their relevance on trade around the world due the reduction of traditional mechanisms of tariff protection. More specifically, technical and sanitary issues have presented commercial relations significance worldwide. Although, there are ample effects of the application of these mechanisms, some sectors are more affected as the Brazilian beef cattle and have lived many commercial impediments because of sanitary issues, mainly those related to Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD). Thus, researches relative to the restrictions imposed, as NTB, on bovine meat exportation is very important due the potential growth of world consumption and the significance assumed recently in Brazil in the international market. The objectives of this research were the identification of the mainly NTB incident on the Brazilian bovine meat exportation to selected markets (United States of America, Japan, Russia and European Union), to estimate the exports percentage under NTB and the evaluation of the impacts on the quantities and values exported because the imposition of them. As theoretical support, it was considered Tariff Theory and Non-Tariff as well. The construction of the analytical model involved qualitative and quantitative information. The first one consisted on the attainment of descriptions from the bovine meat exports companies and from the Ministry of Agriculture, Cattle Raising and Supply, through the use of questionnaires and interviews, respectively; the second one was based in the inventory analysis and times series model. The results obtained showed that the main NTB imposed on the Brazilian bovine meat exportations were related to technical and sanitary issues. The evaluation of the notifications emitted by the selected markets revealed that the majority was involving the SPS Agreement, which the United State of America and the European Union act intensively on the sanitary disputes in the scope of SPS/OMC Committee. Additionally, the mainly premises to those disputes were concerned to food safety and animal healthy. The inventory analysis showed that the protection degree imposed is significant, mainly when it is considered that the markets analyzed constitute the most important consumers of Brazilian bovine meat. Among the events identify as relevant by the Brazilian bovine meat exports companies, five of them were significant in term of impacts on the exports, which four were related to exports restriction from FMD events or suspect of presence of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). The quantity exported reduced were relevant, with impact in short run and consequent prejudice to the sector, disclosing that a better comprehension about the NTB profile and the dimension of those effects may collaborate to the construction of actions which minimize the loss from these impositions.