Influência da cobertura do solo nos atributos químicos do solo e produtividade da soja.

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Carolina Amaral Tavares da
• Orientador(a): Souza, Eduardo Godoy de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação "Stricto Sensu" em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Engenharia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Agricultura; Fertilidade do Solo; Rotação de Culturas; Latossolo Vermelho Cafelândia - Paraná; Soja Produção
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: precision agriculture; soil fertility; organic matter; crop rotation
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA
• Link de acesso: http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2815

Cover plants, associated to no-tillage system brings many benefits to the soil through decomposition of their residues in vegetables. Among the numerous benefits, the supply of organic matter can be considered the most important, because it promotes the gradual increase of soil fertility. It is known that the soil has no uniformity in their characteristics, so the variability of the soil can cause differences in the productivity of crops, and one of the tools that can facilitate the study of this variability is through analysis of thematic maps. Thus, the objective was to determine the spatial variability of P, K, Ca, Mg, OM, cation exchange capacity, pH, exchangeable aluminum and soybean yield as a function of the cover crop compared to the succession to wheat and types of winter cover. The experiment was established in the city of Cafelândia (PR) in an Oxisol, between June 2008 and March 2010. The experiment had a completely randomized design with five treatments and six replications. The plots were distributed in bands 5.1 m wide and 133 m in length. The treatments were five winter cover crops: oat; a consortium (a consortium of turnip and black oat); consortium 2 (among turnip,black oat and vetch), wheat and fallow. Data were collected in an area of two hectares, twice: after management treatments and winter after the harvest of soybean in two growing seasons. Routine analysis were performed for each point at a depth from 0 to 0.2 m. The management of cover crops was carried out with roller-knife and harvested with combine harvester. The soybean was planted in every area in the summer and determined its productivity for each treatment by seed, which were performed using analysis of variance, exploratory and descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and spatial analysis of data with spatial dependence. The cover crops were effective in the input of some nutrients to the soil compared with bare soil, especially organic matter, P, Ca, pH and decreasing potential acidity (H+ + Al+3), but were not responsible for increased yield. Spatial analysis showed the plant cover areas with higher productivity to treatment with bare soil and also increased levels of nutrients and improvement in soil chemical conditions.